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[...] When it meets the resistance of the articular surface of the humeral head, it is withdrawn by 1–2 mm to free the tip.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The needle is removed, and the joint is gently manipulated to distribute the contrast medium.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 256, "printedPage": "256" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 256, "question": "During oesophagography:", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c42ec17d8d0fc805e0e6c0f5372ee90d4ade39eea7eba9805e4d8dc62d6fef13", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "79", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 79 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "44", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 44 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "79", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 79 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "79", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 79 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "83", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 83 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Barium swallow (e.g. E-Z HD 200%-250% 100-150 mL, as required).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Non-ionic contrast media and barium offer no advantages (and the latter is contraindicated with perforation as a possibility).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 44, "printedPage": "44" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Water-soluble contrast medium should be the initial agent used for any investigation in which there is a risk or suspicion of perforation.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 80, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Water-soluble contrast medium should be the initial agent used for any investigation in which there is a risk or suspicion of perforation.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 80, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "If perforation is suspected, CT with quadruple strength oral contrast (100 mL Omnipaque 300 made up to 1 L with water) is more sensitive and provides improved anatomical localization of the site of perforation whilst also providing additional information on associated complications such as perioesophageal collections.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 83, "printedPage": "83" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 257, "question": "Gastrografin contrast media", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "02117f09578623e19e19b3a717e190869ac6107353c3ec6c55374387ad9952f7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "78", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 78 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "79", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 79 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "78", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 78 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "78", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 78 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "17", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 17 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "option": "B", "previousPrintedPage": "82", "printedPage": "83", "pdfPage": 83, "evidence": "Gastrografin should NOT be used for the investigation of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula or when aspiration is a possibility. Use LOCM instead.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin is an aniseed-tasting, high-osmolarity contrast agent... Complications 1. Hyperosmolar contrast media (HOCM) can precipitate pulmonary oedema if aspirated (not LOCM)", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin should NOT be used for the investigation of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula or when aspiration is a possibility. Use LOCM instead.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 83, "printedPage": "83" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Advantages 1. The main advantage of barium over water-soluble contrast agents is better coating, resulting in better mucosal detail.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin is an aniseed-tasting, high-osmolarity contrast agent... Although primarily used in diagnosis, its high osmolarity is also exploited to help achieve bowel catharsis in CT colonography and to diagnose and treat patients with meconium ileus and adhesive small bowel obstruction.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin is an aniseed-tasting, high-osmolarity contrast agent (sodium amidotrizoate and meglumine amidotrizoate)", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 78, "printedPage": "78" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Until the early 1970s, all contrast media were ionic compounds and were hypertonic... These are referred to as high-osmolar contrast media (HOCM)", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 258, "question": "Ideal properties of barium suspensions for barium meal studies include", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "reviewed", "fingerprint": "875bdd8b72e0ca04e6296fdcf42df84ef2096e2e28e69c45673f6bd15db14296", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "94", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "94", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "94", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "94", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "94", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79", "section": "Barium — opening paragraph", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79", "section": "Barium — preparation 2 (barium meal)", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79", "section": "Barium — preparation 2 (barium meal)", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79", "section": "Barium — preparation 2 (barium meal)", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79", "section": "Barium — opening paragraph", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The ideal barium suspension should have a uniform, small particle size to maintain the suspension and provide good mucosal coating.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "A high density (e.g. 250% w/v), low viscosity barium is used for double-contrast studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract to provide a thin, dense layer over the mucosa.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Additives include suspending agents, to prevent the barium particles from settling out, and anti-foaming agents, to reduce artefact from bubbles.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "A high density, low viscosity barium is used for double-contrast studies.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The suspension must remain stable and resist flocculation in the presence of the low pH of gastric acid.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 259, "question": "In enteroclysis (small bowel enema)", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "66d8a587be9494f094b2cbc5454d4a44a77c7a00a2c68812cf2644825b4f5329", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "88", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 88 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "91", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 91 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "89", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 89 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "88", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 88 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "89", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 89 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "79", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 79 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "88", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 88 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "94", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Patient Preparation 1. Nothing by mouth after midnight 2. Stop antispasmodic drugs 1 day before the examination. 3. Consider a tetracaine lozenge 30 mg 30 min before the examination.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 88, "printedPage": "88" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The tube is ideally passed beyond the duodenojejunal flexure to diminish the risk of aspiration caused by reflux of barium back into the stomach.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 89, "printedPage": "89" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Stop antispasmodic drugs 1 day before the examination.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 88, "printedPage": "88" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Metoclopramide (20 mg IV) may stimulate coordinated peristalsis and progress the tube", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 89, "printedPage": "89" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Small bowel enema (e.g. two tubs of E-Z Paque, made up to 1500 mL; 60% w/v)", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 79, "printedPage": "79" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "600 mL of 0.5% methylcellulose after 500 mL of 70% w/v barium", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 88, "printedPage": "88" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Dilute barium (Baritop) or water-soluble contrast can be used as single contrast or as double contrast with either air or water/methyl cellulose (see the discussion on small bowel enemas).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 94, "printedPage": "94" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 260, "question": "Regarding barium meal study", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "f66b2a5dc9de244ced650bb1446039d643bdbc7f8732593fce1cf6ff2b48caf3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "648", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 667 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "668", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 606 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "648", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 667 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "669", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 607 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 84, "printedPage": "84", "section": "Barium meal — contrast medium", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 84, "printedPage": "84", "section": "Barium meal — reflux manoeuvre", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 84, "printedPage": "84", "section": "Barium meal — antispasmodic", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [], "keyCorrection": { "previousVerdict": "TRUE", "reason": "Chapman explicitly states that Buscopan does not affect detection of gastro-oesophageal reflux or hiatus hernia. The previous True key is corrected to False.", "verdict": "FALSE" } }, "E": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "High-density, low-viscosity barium (e.g., 250% w/v) is used for double-contrast studies to provide excellent mucosal coating.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "The Magenstrasse, or gastric canal, refers to the longitudinal mucosal folds running down the lesser curvature of the stomach from the cardia to the pylorus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "The administration of smooth muscle relaxants such as hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan) abolishes normal peristalsis and affects lower oesophageal sphincter tone, which can alter the sensitivity of detecting gastro-oesophageal reflux.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the investigation of choice for the assessment of acute haematemesis or suspected active gastrointestinal bleeding.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 261, "question": "Regarding contrast studies of the oesophagus", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "ef2b4597c8bd806b032f988642101669cdff58974f6057078cbbdffefff4c6cf", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "310", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [], "status": "edition-mismatch" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "312", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [], "status": "edition-mismatch" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "311", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [], "status": "edition-mismatch" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "313", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [], "status": "edition-mismatch" }, { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "318", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [], "status": "edition-mismatch" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 82, "printedPage": "82", "section": "Contrast swallow — contrast medium", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 83, "printedPage": "83", "section": "Contrast swallow — technique", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 480, "printedPage": "484", "section": "Ch. 19 — Fluoroscopy", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [ { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 480, "printedPage": "484", "section": "Ch. 19 — Fluoroscopy" } ], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 262, "question": "Regarding small bowel follow through", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "94a74a79f0c4fd00f6c6222816e0e4b34d5cb2cb1741462af4e8280b5d64bd2a", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "85", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "79", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 79 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "86", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 86 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contrast Medium E-Z Paque 100% w/v 300 mL usually given divided over 20 min.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 86, "printedPage": "86" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Metoclopramide (Maxolon)... Adult dose 10-20 mg oral or 10 mg IM or 10 mg by slow IV injection... Advantages 1. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Metoclopramide (Maxolon)... Adult dose 10-20 mg oral or 10 mg IM or 10 mg by slow IV injection... Advantages 1. 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The examination can only proceed if satisfactory preliminary films have been obtained.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 276, "question": "In T-tube cholangiography", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "1c849a918eec733eb01e2910224bc880d539191c03e369e64cf64d425c773f5d", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "128", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "127", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 127 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 128, "printedPage": "128", "section": "Postoperative T-tube cholangiography — technique", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 128, "printedPage": "128", "section": "Postoperative T-tube cholangiography — preliminary image", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 128, "printedPage": "128", "section": "Postoperative T-tube cholangiography — contraindications", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "chapman8", "pdfPage": 128, "printedPage": "128", "section": "Postoperative T-tube cholangiography — contrast medium", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contrast Medium: HOCM or LOCM 150 mg I mL–1; 20–30 mL", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 128, "printedPage": "128" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 277, "question": "Regarding dacryocystography", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "387aeaab2c16d3b8731ab417945d9ab7cf47e7dfc21afe6655a56a363cf16974", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "290", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 290 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "291", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 291 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "290", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 290 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "291", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 291 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "291", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 291 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "290", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 290 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "CONVENTIONAL, DIGITAL SUBTRACTION AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY DACRYOCYSTOGRAPHY [...] Indication: Epiphora: to demonstrate the site and degree of obstruction when direct clinical examination and irrigation are insufficient for assessment", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Technique: 1. For conventional, DS and MDCT DCG, the patient is positioned supine in the occipitomental (OM) position.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The lower eyelid is everted to locate the lower canaliculus at the medial end of the eyelid. [...] The upper canaliculus may be cannulated if there is difficulty accessing the lower canaliculus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contrast Medium: Low-osmolar contrast medium (LOCM) 300 mg I mL−1, 0.5–2.0 mL per side", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 290, "printedPage": "290" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 278, "question": "In intravenous urography", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "00baff0ca867341cd703ebb682765cc67bb3465e3ee7dd587b57c7180b01a518", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "157", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "157", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "158", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "157", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "156", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 156 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Tomography (or zonography) is useful if the renal outlines or pelvicalyceal systems are obscured by overlying bowel gas and faeces.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Oblique views: 35–40° posterior oblique. The lower ureter on the raised side is projected away from the spine.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Complications... Backflow (pyelosinus, pyelolymphatic, pyelovenous, pyelotubular). This results from raised intrapelvic pressure, often due to excessive compression or acute obstruction.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Additional views... Erect film: To demonstrate renal mobility (ptosis) and to differentiate an obstructed from a non-obstructed, dilated ('baggy') system; a non-obstructed system will drain in the erect position.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contrast Medium... Children: 2 mL/kg of 300 mg I/mL (maximum 50 mL).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 279, "question": "In intravenous urography", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "054815a406d35d6408d219b8faa78cf5077d7047d5f96af10022485ccb161d59", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "20", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 20 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "156", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 156 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "20", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 20 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "157", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "157", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)... Multiple myeloma. Ensure adequate hydration.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Patient preparation... The patient empties the bladder before the examination.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)... Diabetes mellitus", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contraindications to compression 1. Suspected urinary tract obstruction (e.g. acute renal colic).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Oblique views: 35–40° posterior oblique. The lower ureter on the raised side is projected away from the spine.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 280, "question": "Regarding MCUG", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "47ac3903a7baa9f27a363e3f51361c9ae82da2b86a9d876a0f083a960f046201", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 281, "question": "Regarding MCUG (Micturating cystogram / VCUG)", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d49b507b94d4dd7e000941594c780a7f1826ba4eabf0804d0e933b1a34402ee3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "46", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 46 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "46", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 46 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "46", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 46 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "47", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 47 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "47", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 47 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Dilute ionic contrast medium as is used for cystography (e.g. Urografin 150).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 44, "printedPage": "44" }, { "pdfPage": 46, "printedPage": "46" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Obtain right and left oblique fluoroscopic views during filling and voiding to identify ureteral diverticulum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 47, "printedPage": "47" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Finally, a full-length view of the abdomen is taken … to record the post-micturition residue.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 282, "question": "Regarding micturating cystourethrography", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7de8d6851d75dfe00a8086482b996614cdd339d8a4e7e4044fdd96583867986c", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "159", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 159 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "47", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 47 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "47", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 47 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "47", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 47 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "47", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 47 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "similar to that for Micturating Cystourethrography (MCU)", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 159, "printedPage": "159" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "In infants and children with neuropathic bladders, micturition may be accomplished by suprapubic pressure.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 47, "printedPage": "47" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Obtain right and left oblique fluoroscopic views …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 47, "printedPage": "47" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Finally, a full-length view of the abdomen is taken … to record the post-micturition residue.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "dysuria, possibly leading to retention of urine", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 47, "printedPage": "47" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Catheter trauma may lead to … urinary retention", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 283, "question": "Retrograde pyelogram", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "a0a1d960534dd03757d84dd1d40dfa28282c9feaaa5b4b77c856b2d137f787ce", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "151", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 151 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "151", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 151 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "151", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 151 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Technique [...] In the operating theatre. The surgeon catheterizes the ureter via a cystoscope and advances the ureteric catheter to the desired level.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 151, "printedPage": "151" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contrast Medium: High-osmolar contrast media (HOCM) or LOCM 150–200 mg I mL−1 (i.e. not too dense to obscure small lesions): 10 mL", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 151, "printedPage": "151" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "About 3–5 mL is usually enough to fill the pelvis", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 151, "printedPage": "151" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 284, "question": "In sialography", "chapter": "Chapter 9: Radiology Technique - Fluoroscopy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b1c3595b249f2ebb305112a8dd348d5bab983fda6772a1935d09b26d08c68784", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "293", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 293 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "295", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 295 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "295", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 295 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "293", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 293 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "5–30 mg IV of metoprolol given in aliquots of 5 mg titrated against the heart rate.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 189, "printedPage": "189" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Effects of opioids can be reversed by the competitive antagonist naloxone.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 334, "printedPage": "334" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The effects of midazolam can be reversed by the competitive antagonist flumazenil.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 36, "printedPage": "36" }, { "pdfPage": 334, "printedPage": "334" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Lidocaine 1% … (1% = 10 mg mL−1)", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Without adrenaline: 3 mg kg−1 (maximum, 200 mg).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "There is insufficient evidence to support the use of prophylactic administration of N-acetyl cysteine for patients at high risk of contrast nephropathy.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 23, "printedPage": "23" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "No pharmacological prophylaxis (N-acetylcysteine, statins, renal vasodilators, receptor antagonists of endogenous vasoactive mediators or cytoprotective drugs) have been shown to offer consistent protection against CI-AKI.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 386, "question": "Regarding drugs in radiology:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "0000ace660bf298f237b5aa3ae31337d2b159edfe6d06fd1b7162b7e306e31f0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "36", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 36 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "341", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "333", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Glucagonoma.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Sedative and analgesic drugs can cause depression of respiratory drive and compromise of the airway leading to hypoxia and hypercapnia.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 340, "printedPage": "340" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Lidocaine 1% … Without adrenaline: 3 mg kg−1 (maximum, 200 mg).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 387, "question": "The following statements are true:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8567ed2a1c5347a8dcae7c83329167ca185215143e9ee69fa0aacf26490eb65c", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "334", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 334 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "333", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "23", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 23 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "24", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 24 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The most commonly used are the opioid drugs morphine, pethidine and fentanyl.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "333" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Effects of opioids can be reversed by the competitive antagonist naloxone.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 334, "printedPage": "334" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Lidocaine 1% … (1% = 10 mg mL−1)", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Without adrenaline: 3 mg kg−1 (maximum, 200 mg).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Adverse reactions can be classified in terms of severity as: 1. Mild: nausea, vomiting, urticaria.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 23, "printedPage": "23" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The vast majority of adverse effects were managed with patient reassurance or antihistamine treatment.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 24, "printedPage": "24" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contraindications: … Closed-angle glaucoma (Buscopan can precipitate closed-angle glaucoma and result in related symptoms presenting in an undiagnosed patient).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 388, "question": "Regarding Metoclopramide:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8673e9bb653f58f1dee213c7b9d6c013cd4da9b9f93dfd06b5709ab47c52a698", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Adult dose 10–20 mg oral or 10 mg IM or 10 mg by slow IV injection.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 82, "printedPage": "82" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Advantages: 1. Produces rapid gastric emptying and therefore increased jejunal peristalsis.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 82, "printedPage": "82" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "As a dopamine antagonist, metoclopramide stimulates gastric emptying … and accelerates small-intestinal transit.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Metoclopramide 20 mg orally may be given before or during the examination to enhance gastric emptying.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "87" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 389, "question": "Regarding drugs used in radiology:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "5fb0642e7033cf0ebf21914f31daae21c909928fbe0d320d590145a1d48f8dde", "issues": [ "Chapman & Nakielny cited without an identifiable page number." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "16", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 16 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "As a dopamine antagonist, metoclopramide stimulates gastric emptying, aids duodenal intubation and accelerates small-intestinal transit by coordinating peristalsis and dilating the duodenal bulb.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 82, "printedPage": "82" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Care to avoid overdose is essential because lidocaine is rapidly absorbed via this route.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 16, "printedPage": "16" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Adult dose 20 mg IV may be repeated at 15-min intervals up to a dose of 40 mg in 1 h.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 80, "printedPage": "80" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 390, "question": "Regarding Glucagon:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2e941c558303641db90d5d7fc97ad7c28390bf644d2a7e2b5a4a2deb269807a7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "82", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "• 0.5–0.75 mg IV over 1 min (1.0–2.0 mg IM) for barium enema.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 81, "printedPage": "81" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Advantages: 1. More potent smooth muscle relaxant than hyoscine; arrests small bowel peristalsis more reliably and effect lasts longer compared with hyoscine.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 81, "printedPage": "81" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contraindications: 1. Phaeochromocytoma, precipitating a catecholamine crisis.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 81, "printedPage": "81" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contraindications: … 2. Insulinoma (causes reactive hypoglycaemia).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Disadvantages: 1. Relatively long onset of action (1 min), similar to hyoscine.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 81, "printedPage": "81" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 391, "question": "Regarding Hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan):", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "eb2210ac7fdfdadb1b71463b7d52041f1aa3da5f21db1b611a84375b2e8aeb25", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "81", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Antimuscarinic blurring of vision, dry mouth, transient bradycardia followed by tachycardia; rare side effects of urinary retention and acute gastric dilatation.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 80, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contraindications … Closed-angle glaucoma (Buscopan can precipitate closed-angle glaucoma and result in related symptoms presenting in an undiagnosed patient.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Indications: 1. Reduce bowel spasm, which can cause diagnostic difficulty.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 80, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "This is an antimuscarinic agent and thus inhibits both intestinal motility and gastric secretion.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 80, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Advantages: 2. Short duration of action (∼5–10 min).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 392, "question": "Regarding contrast enema in neonatal low intestinal obstruction:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "490404c36dd36d01aac2ae3227bc3e8b06bf5eed315790b88334bd607e0bc8ac", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "44", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 44 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "44", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 44 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Dilute ionic contrast medium as is used for cystography (e.g. Urografin 150).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 44, "printedPage": "44" }, { "pdfPage": 46, "printedPage": "46" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Perforation, ischemic colon, toxic megacolon, hypovolemic shock, peritonitis, or other potentially unstable clinical condition.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 44, "printedPage": "44" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 393, "question": "Regarding contrast media:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "3edc1d6df96d42e0fa5f0f612d797cbea827c2c682c419c35eb908f8d6b86aa9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "78", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 78 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "83", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 83 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "28", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 28 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "29", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 29 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "29", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 29 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "123", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 123 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "124", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 124 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "To identify bowel lumen and communications with bowel lumen on CT. A dilute (c. 3%) solution of water-soluble contrast medium (e.g. 30 mL of Gastrografin in 1 L of flavoured drink) is used to minimize beam-hardening artefact.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 78, "printedPage": "78" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin should NOT be used for the investigation of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula or when aspiration is a possibility.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 83, "printedPage": "83" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "All contrast agents shorten both T1 and T2 relaxation times, but some predominantly affect T1 and others predominantly T2.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 28, "printedPage": "28" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Paramagnetic (e.g. gadolinium contrast agents): These are by far the most widely used MRI contrast agents.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 28, "printedPage": "28" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Metastases and other lesions not containing normal-functioning hepatocytes appear as a lower signal than the background liver.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 123, "printedPage": "123" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 394, "question": "Regarding Gastrografin:", "chapter": "Chapter 14: Contrast Media & Pharmacology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "bfcb58561828875646a618603689451c25d30453221d18440645ffe8f3278c05", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "78", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 78 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "83", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 83 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "78", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 78 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin is an aniseed-tasting, high-osmolarity contrast agent (sodium amidotrizoate and meglumine amidotrizoate), containing a wetting agent for oral or rectal use.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 78, "printedPage": "78" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Gastrografin should NOT be used for the investigation of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula or when aspiration is a possibility.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 83, "printedPage": "83" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 395, "question": "Arthrography:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "af61e535597e275cb840bcb0b2d7cc5cc4e2a1e21dd9d6a1b789f0bc35fe3093", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "247", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 247 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "256", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 256 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "250", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "253", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 253 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "253", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 253 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography using a dilute gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) solution (2 mmoL L−1 at 1.5 T) is frequently used in the study of joint disease.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 247, "printedPage": "247" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "A 21-gauge spinal needle is inserted vertically down into the joint space …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 256, "printedPage": "256" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "When a needle is correctly sited within a joint space, a small-volume test injection of contrast medium will stream away from the needle tip around the joint. However, if it is incorrectly sited, the contrast medium will remain in a diffuse cloud around the tip of the needle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "250" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The patient is warned that there may be some discomfort in the joint for 1–2 days after the procedure. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Clotting screen (ideally international normalized ratio ≤1.5 …)", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 175, "printedPage": "175" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Clotting screen (ideally … platelets >100 × 10⁹ L−1).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Coaxial needle biopsy systems stabilize the cutting needle, allowing resampling without repuncturing the pleura …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 175, "printedPage": "175" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "there is no clear evidence that aspirin should be discontinued prebiopsy, but consensus suggests clopidogrel should be stopped 5 days before the procedure.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 175, "printedPage": "175" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 405, "question": "In percutaneous aspiration of a liver abscess:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "f908509686b9080abcb42adf1bd3921cdb540fe2fa7c4b501b857060e3582bc5", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "115", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 115 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "174", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 174 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2111, "printedPage": "2130", "section": "Ch. 82 — Imaging guidance", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [ { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2114, "printedPage": "2133", "section": "Ch. 82 — CT guidance" } ], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "the tip of the wire is passed through the lesion; small hooks at the tip of the wire then transfix the lesion.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 317, "printedPage": "317" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Multiple wires can be inserted if there is more than one lesion …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 318, "printedPage": "318" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Lesions that are poorly palpable may need preoperative localization, but sometimes US with a mark drawn on the skin overlying the lesion … may be adequate.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 411, "question": "Regarding percutaneous biopsy:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "df324bf078d89ce69ae66faae75de0e256b41f5373097205738c1e1974812266", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "175", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 175 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "298", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 298 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "174", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 174 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "311", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 311 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Complications … 1. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "Contraindications 1. Poor life expectancy (<1 year).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "160" }, { "pdfPage": 161, "printedPage": "161" }, { "pdfPage": 162, "printedPage": "162" }, { "pdfPage": 163, "printedPage": "163" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 413, "question": "There is an increased incidence of complications during lung biopsy:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "c183674d2f7b8bd77f9b73c3ebc222dc623b9492501119262e7c526a6ceff2c7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "174", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 174 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "175", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 175 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "174", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 174 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "175", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 175 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2096, "printedPage": "2115", "section": "Ch. 81 — Coaxial technique", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 77, "printedPage": "60", "section": "Ch. 3 — Iatrogenic pneumothorax", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "presence of significant emphysema (particularly bullous disease) …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 175, "printedPage": "175" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The incidence of pneumothorax is increased if: … There is an increased number of needle passes made.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "presence of significant emphysema (particularly bullous disease) or significantly impaired respiratory function such that pneumothorax would not be tolerated.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 175, "printedPage": "175" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "chapman8", "quotedText": "The incidence of pneumothorax is increased if: … A larger gauge needle is used.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 414, "question": "Uses of 22G Chiba needle includes:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "abeb765d7e9cf5d6535625efb72b47218ed1f8d06e9245cd03212cbe1733d5d3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "129", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 129 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "263", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 263 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "chapman8", "printedPage": "263", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 263 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 420, "question": "Regarding central venous access:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "52a16dbfeb05c814e12081d25577f5281ded385fb920f6706a6d8caea7d96bce", "issues": [ "A: Grainger describes the right IJV as its usual route, but 'most preferred' is too broad across all central-access devices and clinical settings. A qualified statement is needed." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Grainger describes the right IJV as its usual route, but 'most preferred' is too broad across all central-access devices and clinical settings. 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This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2185, "printedPage": "2204", "section": "Ch. 86 — Peripherally inserted central catheters", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2187, "printedPage": "2206", "section": "Ch. 86 — Air embolism", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 424, "question": "During interventional procedures:", "chapter": "Chapter 15: Interventional Radiology", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "7a93114fd840a536e8e9edf2781f6cda21a1d4128317bdee2451a02812237e05", "issues": [ "A: Grainger supports particles for uterine leiomyoma, but 'uterine embolisation' also includes haemorrhage with different embolic choices. 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The unqualified 'best' claim is not confirmed.", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2075, "printedPage": "2094", "section": "Ch. 80 — Embolisation", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2091, "printedPage": "2110", "section": "Ch. 80 — IVC filters", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 2085, "printedPage": "2104", "section": "Ch. 80 — GI haemorrhage", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "81", "printedPage": "80", "pdfPage": 94, "evidence": "The head of the caudate nucleus makes a prominent impression in the floor and lateral wall of the anterior horn.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "68", "printedPage": "67", "pdfPage": 81, "evidence": "The head of the caudate nucleus is usually more radiodense than the lentiform nucleus or the thalamus, especially in older subjects.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The head of the caudate nucleus makes a prominent impression in the floor and lateral wall of the anterior horn.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 94, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is made up of a larger lateral putamen and a smaller medial globus pallidus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 81, "printedPage": "67" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The head of the caudate nucleus is usually more radiodense than the lentiform nucleus or the thalamus, especially in older subjects.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 81, "printedPage": "67" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "MRI is sensitive to paramagnetic substances such as iron, which may be deposited in the globus pallidus, giving this a different signal intensity from the lentiform nucleus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 492, "question": "Regarding the brainstem", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "e80b6656832e140340432f2843580931392506aaa16bb935b43461ebfc364e25", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 493, "question": "In the ear, the", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "97fb4a1c66ed3c2afc6b0d1caa24822ff144a8c73a752a67e5d4d41ccd974328", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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The joints between the ossicles are synovial.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The oval window, into which the base of the stapes inserts, is above and behind the promontory.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 36, "printedPage": "22" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The incus has a long process that articulates with the head of the stapes, the base of which is firmly fixed in the oval window. The joints between the ossicles are synovial.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 36, "printedPage": "22" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lateral semicircular canal causes a prominence in the wall superiorly. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "23", "printedPage": "22", "pdfPage": 36, "evidence": "The oval window, into which the base of the stapes inserts, is above and behind the promontory. The round window, covered by a membrane, is below and behind.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The oval window, into which the base of the stapes inserts, is above and behind the promontory. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The internal auditory meatus (IAM) and canal run from the posterior cranial fossa through the posterior wall of the petrous bone into the inner ear. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The internal cerebral veins of each side run posteriorly in the roof of the third ventricle and unite with the basal veins of Rosenthal beneath the splenium of the corpus callosum to form the great cerebral vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The inferior anastomotic vein (of Labbé) runs from the Sylvian fissure over the temporal lobe to the transverse sinus, connecting the superficial middle cerebral vein to the transverse sinus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 111, "printedPage": "97" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The venous sinuses receive blood from the brain and the skull (diploic veins) and communicate with veins of the scalp and face (emissary veins).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The III and IV CNs and the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the fifth cranial nerve pass along the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 111, "printedPage": "97" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "MR venography is an additional noninvasive method of evaluating the cerebral veins and the venous sinuses. A nonenhanced time of flight sequence can be performed to demonstrate flow within the veins.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 112, "printedPage": "98" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 500, "question": "Regarding The cerebral venous drainage:", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "681a12aedac8af67887173d5b884c28bb99495ae4ade521578447f92714b6ec3", "issues": [ "Stephanie Ryan — Anatomy for Diagnostic Imaging cited without an identifiable page number." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "99", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 113 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "96", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 110 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "98", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 112 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "96", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 110 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The internal cerebral veins of each side run posteriorly in the roof of the third ventricle and unite with the basal veins of Rosenthal beneath the splenium of the corpus callosum to form the great cerebral vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The basal vein of each side passes around the midbrain to unite with the internal cerebral veins forming the great cerebral vein.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 112, "printedPage": "98" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The inferior sagittal sinus runs in the lower free edge of the falx cerebri superior to the corpus callosum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 110, "printedPage": "96" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Posteriorly it joins with the great cerebral veins to become the straight sinus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 110, "printedPage": "96" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Several veins unite just behind the interventricular foramen (of Monro) to form the internal cerebral vein. The largest are:", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "■ The choroidal vein, which runs from the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 112, "printedPage": "98" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The transverse and sigmoid sinuses – the transverse sinuses run right and left from the confluence of the sinuses to the mastoid bone, where they turn inferiorly and become the sigmoid sinus…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The inferior petrosal sinus runs from the cavernous sinus to the internal jugular vein at the base of the petrous temporal bone.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 111, "printedPage": "97" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 501, "question": "Regarding the meninges:", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8de84f18ce9af31be6bf95c244df3e203c72ba88f32b920d349038527131fe91", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 502, "question": "The cavernous sinus", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7e43ff0632904e9b275b6ddc22e752176a86a15916597e613d9bbeae3c686f87", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "97", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 111 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "19", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 33 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "97", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 111 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "97", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 111 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The internal carotid artery passes through this sinus with the VI CN lateral and inferior to it. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On the medial margins of each eyelid are openings known as the lacrimal puncta. Tears drain through these openings into the superior and inferior lacrimal canaliculi. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This drains via the nasolacrimal duct, which runs in its own bony canal to the inferior meatus of the nasal cavity.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 36, "printedPage": "22" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The orbit... converge posteromedially to an apex, onto which the optic foramen opens, transmitting the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery from the optic canal.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Anterior and posterior ethmoidal branches of the ophthalmic artery from the internal carotid artery pass through the cribriform plate to supply the superior part of the nasal cavity.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 26, "printedPage": "12" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 508, "question": "Regarding the orbit", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8aed0bb9ac01c6de9e9e7eb14bdf51e7956f30c77290ec35a7ae6cf765907211", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 509, "question": "The ophthalmic artery is", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7611009e5aa846a19be6eb3e8ec07a5ad6e4ed588b698a17d326992af519c43c", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "12", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 26 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "19", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 33 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "19", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 33 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "97", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 111 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "10", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 24 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "11", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 25 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Anterior and posterior ethmoidal branches of the ophthalmic artery from the internal carotid artery pass through the cribriform plate to supply the superior part of the nasal cavity.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 26, "printedPage": "12" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The arterial supply of the orbit is from the ophthalmic artery… It supplies the orbital contents and its anterior branches anastomose with branches of the external carotid in the eyelids.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The arterial supply of the orbit is from the ophthalmic artery. This enters the orbit through the optic canal…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fig. 2.30, cont’d (C) MRA of the right internal carotid and middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 111, "printedPage": "97" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The orbit… converge posteromedially to an apex, onto which the optic foramen opens, transmitting the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery from the optic canal.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 510, "question": "The superior orbital fissure transmits the", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "85b0387d7836b28861cbcecc4118b7e7cfe9083ec462688bef147f737447fdd0", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 511, "question": "Concerning the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "06c13e01bea65962fb53148a21363321cd99ab97f285b9252bc2728506cea111", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "12", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 26 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "13", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 27 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "12", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 26 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "13", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 27 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "13", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 27 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "13", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 27 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The frontal sinus opens in the most anterior opening of the middle meatus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 26, "printedPage": "12" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The medial wall of the sinus is continued superiorly as a bony projection known as the uncinate process.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 27, "printedPage": "13" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The floor of the sphenoid sinus forms the roof of the nasopharynx...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 512, "question": "Regarding pharynx and parapharyngeal spaces", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2eab99c369dd5d28760bf78e371e98b1ce064c13330f9a04e6cbc51ac7e363c1", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "32", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 46 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "38", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 52 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "5", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 19 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "28", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 42 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "29", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 43 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pterygopalatine fossa communicates freely laterally with the infratemporal fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The hypopharynx is the part of the pharynx that lies behind the larynx.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 52, "printedPage": "38" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is bounded... superiorly by the hyoid bone, glossoepiglottic and pharyngoepiglottic folds and inferiorly by the cricoid cartilage and cricopharyngeus muscle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The foramen ovale is posterolateral to the foramen rotundum in the greater wing of the sphenoid.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 19, "printedPage": "5" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This opening has a posterior ridge formed by the cartilaginous end of the tube known as the torus tubarius. Behind these ridges are the paired lateral pharyngeal recesses, also known as the fossae of Rosenmüller.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 513, "question": "Regarding the paranasal sinuses", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c5f7c0e4bc73542c03b2317a27e35eee64c17213309a357554d6af513734affc", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "13", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 27 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "22", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 36 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "13", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 27 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Development of the ethmoids occurs parallel to that of the frontal sinuses. Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus commences at 3 years of age...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 27, "printedPage": "13" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This drains via the nasolacrimal duct, which runs in its own bony canal to the inferior meatus of the nasal cavity.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 36, "printedPage": "22" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 514, "question": "Regarding MR imaging of the pituitary gland:", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "61ff533f71580d7dce08e77d8ba7b6b858b0eeb31de18eb87c1d778f720df6ed", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "70", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 84 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior pituitary usually has high signal intensity on unenhanced T1 images…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pituitary gland… On average it measures 12 mm in its transverse diameter, 8 mm in its anteroposterior diameter and 9 mm high.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pituitary gland has a hollow stalk, the infundibulum, which arises from the tuber cinereum in the floor of the third ventricle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The structures forming the hypothalamus can best be appreciated on midline sagittal MRI… The optic chiasm, the tuber cinereum, the infundibular stalk and the interpeduncular cistern, containing the mamillary bodies…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 515, "question": "Regarding pituitary gland", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "f1e13308aadfdbf34a8aad87d9a1b6936776f59ad03c99516fcf6005d14f6aa2", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In normal adults the anterior pituitary occupies 70–80% of the total gland volume and is isointense to cerebral white matter on T1 images. The posterior pituitary usually has high signal intensity on unenhanced T1 images…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The relations of the pituitary gland are as follows:\n■ Above: the diaphragma sellae…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 85, "printedPage": "71" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pituitary gland… On average it measures 12 mm in its transverse diameter, 8 mm in its anteroposterior diameter and 9 mm high.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior lobe produces hormones in response to release factors carried from the hypothalamus by hypophyseal portal veins, the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 85, "printedPage": "71" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 516, "question": "Regarding pituitary gland", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "84d5754658898f39f660040f3884392a2f143c31b0c58e7e6cd29f879bd78169", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "70", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 84 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "72", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 86 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The hypothalamus… includes the following structures, starting anteriorly:\n■ Optic chiasm.\n■ Tuber cinereum…\n■ Infundibular stalk…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In normal adults the anterior pituitary occupies 70–80% of the total gland volume and is isointense to cerebral white matter on T1 images.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In females, the size of the gland varies with the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is also normal for the gland to have a convex upper border in menstruating or lactating females.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior lobe is made up of the ending of these nerve fibres and releases hormones in response to impulses from these nerves.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 85, "printedPage": "71" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior lobe is supplied by inferior hypophyseal arteries…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 86, "printedPage": "72" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 517, "question": "Regarding pituitary gland", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "882783d5432aa48ac842dbbc7631c70fc111dc8f4f30834c6f3f81153bbd5ad7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "70", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 84 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior pituitary usually has high signal intensity on unenhanced T1 images…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The hypothalamus… includes the following structures, starting anteriorly:\n■ Optic chiasm.\n■ Tuber cinereum…\n■ Infundibular stalk…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In normal adults the anterior pituitary occupies 70–80% of the total gland volume and is isointense to cerebral white matter on T1 images.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 518, "question": "Regarding the pituitary gland", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "54c5809a90ae54d540a729fec2db16903b91328a65012dc3eeaab223208f8e61", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "71", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 85 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In normal adults the anterior pituitary occupies 70–80% of the total gland volume and is isointense to cerebral white matter on T1 images. The posterior pituitary usually has high signal intensity on unenhanced T1 images…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior lobe is five times larger than the posterior lobe.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 85, "printedPage": "71" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In adult males the gland ranges from 8 to 10 mm craniocaudal dimension in the sagittal plane. The dura above the sella should be horizontal, not convex.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pituitary gland has a hollow stalk, the infundibulum, which arises from the tuber cinereum in the floor of the third ventricle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The structures forming the hypothalamus can best be appreciated on midline sagittal MRI… The optic chiasm, the tuber cinereum, the infundibular stalk and the interpeduncular cistern, containing the mamillary bodies…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 519, "question": "Regarding the sellar and suprasellar structure", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "fd84b5cc412a1f8f62b8244a4eb219bfa40ef5e0de8022acde61d6d1c54eedfa", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "5", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 19 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The major components include cingulate, splenial and parahippocampal gyri…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The III and IV CNs and the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the fifth cranial nerve pass along the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 111, "printedPage": "97" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The foramen ovale… transmits the third (mandibular) division of the fifth cranial nerve…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "MRI is the primary modality for evaluation of the pituitary gland. Sagittal and coronal images are most useful.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In normal adults the anterior pituitary occupies 70–80% of the total gland volume and is isointense to cerebral white matter on T1 images.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The sella itself is delineated by signal void of the bony cortex and by the high-intensity signal of marrow in the clivus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 520, "question": "Basal foramina transmit", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4632beccd353fdf820049f14404856721e4f9f561c61d9e4e546fa302939eb58", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 521, "question": "Regarding skull", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "00ceac9b89f75077b9337531a65bde1253baf2667f211ff3082323a7b86597c0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "1", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 15 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "3", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 17 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "1", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 15 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "5", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 19 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "1", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 15 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bones consist of the diploic space – a cancellous layer containing vascular spaces – sandwiched between the inner and outer tables of cortical bone.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone is a thin, depressed bone separating the anterior cranial fossa from the nasal cavity.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 17, "printedPage": "3" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The diploic veins within the skull are large, valveless vessels with thin walls.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 15, "printedPage": "1" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The foramen rotundum … transmits the second (maxillary) division of the fifth cranial nerve.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "…the pterion and provides a surface marking for the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery on the lateral skull radiograph.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 522, "question": "Regarding skull base", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "288ce4dbb58fcbe5512381e565d982da57e1186e8a42df3159eb8ebe3dfd4225", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "5", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 19 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "11", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 25 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "87", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 101 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The foramen ovale is posterolateral to the foramen rotundum in the greater wing of the sphenoid.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 19, "printedPage": "5" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It runs from the middle cranial fossa to the infratemporal fossa and transmits the third (mandibular) division of the fifth cranial nerve and the accessory meningeal artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 19, "printedPage": "5" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The foramen spinosum, posterolateral to the foramen rotundum, is a small foramen and transmits the middle meningeal artery from the infratemporal to the middle cra- nial fossa.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 19, "printedPage": "5" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It transmits the first division of the fifth, and the third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves, as well as the superior ophthalmic veins and a branch of the middle meningeal artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 25, "printedPage": "11" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Close to the posterior cli-noid processes an outpouching in the attached edge of the tentorium forms a recess around the trigeminal nerve and ganglion, the trigeminal or Meckel’s cave.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 101, "printedPage": "87" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 523, "question": "In regards to the vascular supply of the head and neck", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b918f4230903877b8c2c501ce0a64aa6d4b34506738cf127a8999ed4d9758486", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "92", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 106 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "51", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 65 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "92", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 106 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "52", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 66 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Branches of the middle cerebral artery are: ■ Medial and lateral striate (or lenticulostriate) arteries...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 105, "printedPage": "91" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At its origin the internal carotid artery is lateral.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 64, "printedPage": "50" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ophthalmic segment: ■ Ophthalmic artery... This is the first intradural branch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "PICA: The largest branch of the vertebral artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 106, "printedPage": "92" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Superficial temporal artery. This is the smaller of the two terminal branches.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 66, "printedPage": "52" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Maxillary artery. This is the larger of the two terminal branches.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 524, "question": "Regarding blood supply of the head and neck", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "418a29b8d812ae1c2bc9278289b96feac6686852c51605846e5b523fba9bd86f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "51", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 65 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The cervical portion has no branches.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 104, "printedPage": "90" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Superior thyroid artery. This branch arises anteriorly close to the origin...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 65, "printedPage": "51" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ophthalmic artery... This is the first intradural branch. It can occasionally arise from the cavernous segment.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Posterior communicating artery: This artery courses posteriorly to join the P1 segment of the posterior cerebral artery.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Communicating segment: ■ Anterior choroidal artery...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Branches of the internal carotid artery", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 104, "printedPage": "90" }, { "pdfPage": 105, "printedPage": "91" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 525, "question": "Regarding Circle of Willis", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "296a65c66021d4cbeea99c660e3f26b8f93797a4990e0a438f48d5032b752976", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "94", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 108 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "94", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 108 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The most commonly variant vessel is the posterior communicating artery.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 107, "printedPage": "93" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Communicating segment: ■ Posterior communicating artery...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 104, "printedPage": "90" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Branches of the internal carotid artery", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 104, "printedPage": "90" }, { "pdfPage": 105, "printedPage": "91" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This anastomosis... forms a circle that encloses the optic chiasm and the pituitary stalk in the suprasellar and interpeduncular cisterns.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 526, "question": "The branches of the internal carotid artery include the", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "08617a48c2707984861ade52eb3f487e466d5de1f69c12f66eb986182f318d62", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "52", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 66 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "52", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 66 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ophthalmic segment: ■ Ophthalmic artery … This is the first intradural branch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Maxillary artery. This is the larger of the two terminal branches.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Communicating segment: ■ Posterior communicating artery...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 104, "printedPage": "90" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The middle meningeal artery enters the skull through the foramen spinosum...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 66, "printedPage": "52" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The maxillary artery has several important branches. Those of the first part are as follows:", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 66, "printedPage": "52" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The terminal branches of the communicating segment are the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 527, "question": "The vertebral arteries", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "0a9a7dd94497030124aa992450ef4c0646f5fa3a15d87bfcfd698b3e1d28cd30", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "56", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 70 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "56", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 70 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "94", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 108 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "56", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 70 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "93", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 107 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It passes through the transverse foramina of C6–C1...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 69, "printedPage": "55" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...then arches medially, passing behind the lateral masses of C1 before entering the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 69, "printedPage": "55" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...the left vertebral artery arising directly from the arch of the aorta... in 5% of cases...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "First part of the subclavian artery: ■ Vertebral artery.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 69, "printedPage": "55" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The branches of the basilar artery are as follows... ■ AICA...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 528, "question": "In regard to ventricle system", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "01f1a780eb13227f268afc59d62fb20956a155f62d2fbea9fad434da3618c98c", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "81", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 95 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "80", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "84", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 98 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The occipital horn may be absent or poorly developed or may extend the full depth of the lobe. The posterior horns of the two lateral ventricles are often asymmetrical.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 95, "printedPage": "81" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "An interventricular foramen (of Monro) at the junction of the anterior horn and the body of each lateral ventricle connects each lateral ventricle with the third ventricle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 94, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The aqueduct is seldom visible on the normal scan, but the echogenic cerebellar vermis helps identify the roof and cavity of the fourth ventricle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 98, "printedPage": "84" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 529, "question": "Regarding intracranial structures", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "31cd491cdc76d20c49e95ad0304dbf945618799d87dd1e94f7263c78e2642c6e", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "69", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 83 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "58", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 72 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "69", "printedPage": "70", "pdfPage": 84, "evidence": "Tuber cinereum – a sheet of grey matter between the optic chiasm and the mamillary bodies.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Tuber cinereum – a sheet of grey matter between the optic chiasm and the mamillary bodies.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 84, "printedPage": "70" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posteroinferior part of the premotor area, on the inferior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus on the dominant hemisphere, is Broca’s area...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 72, "printedPage": "58" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Also called the cistern of the great vein, it contains the venous confluence of the internal cerebral veins and the basal veins to form the great cerebral vein (of Galen).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 99, "printedPage": "85" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Superolateral communications with the lateral ventricles at the foramina of Monro...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is a narrow channel connecting the posterior end of the third ventricle with the superior end of the fourth...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 96, "printedPage": "82" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 530, "question": "Regarding the CSF spaces:", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "ce6af6a8fd9493e356ab169a3b228451e96daef31d2d37c40dc0887337221604", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "80", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This cistern lies posterior to the quadrigeminal plate of the midbrain. It lies between the splenium above and the vermis below.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 99, "printedPage": "85" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The optic nerves pass to the chiasm in the anterior part of the suprasellar cistern, and the part of the cistern anterior to this is sometimes referred to as the chiasmatic cistern.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 99, "printedPage": "85" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "is continuous posteriorly with the interpeduncular cistern.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 99, "printedPage": "85" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "An interventricular foramen (of Monro) … connects each lateral ventricle with the third ventricle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "receives CSF from the median aperture of the fourth ventricle.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 98, "printedPage": "84" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Parasagittal scans show the full sweep of the lateral ventricle, with the choroid plexus in the floor of the body and in the roof of the inferior horn.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 531, "question": "Regarding the ventricular system of the brain", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "5e119103022d5f1148440b0caa7a286cdec01a16cae6dfb444db33f0b8a1ed73", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "80", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "81", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 95 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "80", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 94 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "81", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 95 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "An interventricular foramen (of Monro) at the junction of the anterior horn and the body of each lateral ventricle connects each lateral ventricle with the third ventricle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 94, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The communication of the fourth ventricle with the cisterna magna at the foramen of Magendie can also be seen.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 98, "printedPage": "84" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Scans through the posterior part of the body of the lateral ventricle show echogenic divergent bands of the choroid plexus.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 98, "printedPage": "84" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Superolateral communications with the lateral ventricles at the foramina of Monro can be identified by the presence of the echogenic choroid plexus of the third ventricle…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is a slit-like CSF-filled space between the thalami. Its width is between 2 and 10 mm and increases with age.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 95, "printedPage": "81" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "There is no choroid plexus in the anterior horn.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 94, "printedPage": "80" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The hippocampus forms the floor of the temporal horn, with the pes hippocampi anteriorly…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 532, "question": "The ambient cistern", "chapter": "Chapter 16: Anatomy Head", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "37d74eaa4c65a45c2d486130c8caa8a7cbca82a1207178ff9a0b7d6b55281391", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "86", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 100 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "85", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 99 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior cerebral artery and the basal vein lie in the anterior part of each ambient cistern.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pericallosal cistern contains branches of the anterior cerebral artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 100, "printedPage": "86" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These extend around both sides of the midbrain between the interpeduncular cistern anteriorly and the quadrigeminal cistern posteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior cerebral artery and the basal vein lie in the anterior part of each ambient cistern.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the posterior cerebral artery and the basal vein", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 99, "printedPage": "85" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "passes posteriorly … before entering the lateral ventricle at the anterior tip of its inferior horn.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These extend around both sides of the midbrain …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 99, "printedPage": "85" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 533, "question": "In the spine, the", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "881888cd1682a262a286dd8cd0e8fa9cce1b9161f3354fb55a96fa003cfd1382", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "89", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 103 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "interpedicular distance increases from L1 to L5.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 117, "printedPage": "103" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 534, "question": "Regarding spinal cord", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2d658e66024679b7105c1c4c3b93dfbd687c77cbff6a5b0ddb558ce7fc0d4364", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "cylindrical in shape and flattened slightly anteroposteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "at birth the cord ends at the level of the third lumbar vertebra [L3]", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 535, "question": "Regarding Spinal Cord", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2afb4ce87cef1443b717ac003cc9ac1e11a9ecaa299c1dc00908bac88b4d991b", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "118", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 132 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "cylindrical in shape and flattened slightly anteroposteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "extends inferiorly to the level of the second sacral vertebra (S2).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 536, "question": "Regarding spinal cord", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "68a93f662596b5b60ced2a47ffb84d771d680f44a4d177187daa7948c3da0c49", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "118", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 132 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "(not right).\nReference: Chapter 3, Spine, Page 118,", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 537, "question": "Regarding spinal cord", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "fb1f3cd1f30430ebee1fca8d98e70d8b1c121431392c8973561860c5c18e04a8", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "Stephanie Ryan — Anatomy for Diagnostic Imaging cited without an identifiable page number." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "at birth the cord ends at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "posterior surface of the first coccygeal vertebra,", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 538, "question": "Regarding spinal cord", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "eb04c62dea17da1a697dd724d203b9286e2e1961fc59be2758ff2905cad5f24d", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 540, "question": "The spinal cord:", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "34824da7596f9b7f66c424c1d035435a74a54041de39ccf599ec1993685924ef", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "114", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 128 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "(Standard normal value is typically <2mm).\nReference: Chapter 3, Spine, Page 114,", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 541, "question": "Regarding spine imaging", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "bb2076f1e300545b956fdcbb683ccdee591f57047ffbb4d8181c1ab3c83107c3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "86", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 100 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "87", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 101 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "7", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 21 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "101", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 115 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "94", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 108 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "MRI CSF flow study is a technique using cardiac-gated gradient echo phase contrast MRI to show CSF flow... to demonstrate the direction of CSF flow and for distinguishing arachnoid cysts from open CSF spaces.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "After 1–3 hours the isotope can be seen in the basal cisterns... By 24 hours activity surrounds the brain.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior fontanelle closes by 6-8 months of age and the anterior fontanelle is usually closed by 15-18 months.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 21, "printedPage": "7" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "appearance).\nReference: Stephanie Ryan, Page 101, 107:", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "CT angiography is the usual first modality of choice for evaluation of the intracranial arteries... improves detection of aneurysms and other vascular malformations.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 542, "question": "Regarding spine", "chapter": "Chapter 17: Spine and Spinal Cord", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "1c7387fbe99ce44322928d7e2abe1aef2e9949729ce1473e37826047d419a5b3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "101", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 115 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "101", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 115 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "103", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 117 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "108", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 122 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "244", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 258 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first seven cervical nerves emerge above the correspondingly named vertebra; the eighth cervical nerve emerges below C7 and the others emerge below the correspondingly named vertebra.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 115, "printedPage": "101" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first seven cervical nerves emerge above the correspondingly named vertebra...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 115, "printedPage": "101" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The interpedicular distance increases from L1 to L5.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 117, "printedPage": "103" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "null the signal due to fat in the marrow,", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 122, "printedPage": "108" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "T2 fat-suppressed or STIR sequences can null the signal due to fat in the marrow... 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Concerning the cervical spine", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "09cf094db9a51c9fa6d6048190980ab0504024b719452e6ce0a3076a214015ba", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "125", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 139 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "124", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 138 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "115", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 129 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "101", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 115 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "116", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 130 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "ligament (like the anterior or posterior longitudinal ligaments).\nReference: Stephanie Ryan, Page 125:", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Normal measurements are up to 3 mm in the adult and 5 mm in the child – the latter reflects the presence of unossified cartilage in the young spine.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Small joints, called neurocentral joints (of Luschka) or uncovertebral joints... These are not true synovial joints although they are often called so, but are due to degenerative changes in the disc.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first seven cervical nerves emerge above the correspondingly named vertebra...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 115, "printedPage": "101" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Oblique views... are used for better visualization of the neural foramina...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 544, "question": "Regarding the vertebral column:", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "1e292cd23e36948de1ad970fde33d769b0f8dbd70eab80f028912e5952a0546e", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "115", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 129 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "124", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 138 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "115", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 129 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "113", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 127 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "115", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 129 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...neurocentral joints (of Luschka)... These are not true synovial joints...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Normal measurements are up to 3 mm in the adult...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Vertebra Prominens – C7... Its foramen transversarium is small or absent and usually transmits only vertebral veins.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The nucleus pulposus has a high water content... resulting in a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Vertebra Prominens – C7 This name is derived from its long, easily felt, nonbifid spine.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 115, "printedPage": "101" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 545, "question": "Regarding larynx", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "dfcdd085eec8c4e180e3dfe246af9f5c8dfa627aa5510eae5ede864d467fe3b4", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "35", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 49 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 547, "question": "Regarding the thyroid gland", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "18461ba554b5a541b4f94767c8d197f4962dcff48d4e8743c470c44f8e895d37", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 549, "question": "The trachea", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "64c9c8b918ca58c1ae84fa568325703592a362504e5f264528f432f9cc8878e9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "138", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 152 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "139", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 153 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "139", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 153 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "139", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 153 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fifteen to twenty thick, but incomplete rings of cartilage are present in the walls of the trachea outside the mucosa.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 152, "printedPage": "138" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Thoracic... Right lateral: Right innominate vein/superior vena cava (SVC)...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Thoracic... Posterior:... Left recurrent laryngeal nerve... Left lateral:... Left recurrent laryngeal nerve", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Thoracic... Anterior:... Left brachiocephalic vein... Arch of the aorta... The anterior mediastinum contains the: Thymus", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right pulmonary artery... comes to lie anterior to the right main bronchus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 550, "question": "Regarding carotid arteries", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "69ad778fb83017be60366af7dc24c76e082de33c48580b35a4a8ca2f6a1b60bb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "67", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "67", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 81 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "91", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 105 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "68", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It divides into the external and internal carotid arteries at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage (C3/4).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Relations of the common carotid artery... Medial:... Recurrent laryngeal nerve... Lateral: Internal jugular vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The internal carotid artery... Ophthalmic artery: Arises from the anterior aspect of the internal carotid artery...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The external carotid artery has a high-resistance flow pattern... The internal carotid artery has a low-resistance flow pattern.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 551, "question": "Regarding internal carotid artery", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b6528bd35b0c9543dce5ccef5baff60ced2e009c3f13a8d3a9bf8a8ccb8333d2", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "90", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 104 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "68", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "ascends through the carotid canal... then turns horizontally... to lie over the foramen lacerum.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It ascends through the carotid canal in the petrous temporal bone... turns horizontally and medially to lie over the foramen lacerum.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Carotid duplex... High-frequency (5–10 MHz) linear array transducers are used.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 552, "question": "Regarding neck space", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "46d82120b65a151c6bb43b6814e4cd177c70049ac8cb93c2252d9a479085cbf7", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 553, "question": "Regarding neck spaces", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8cece38d0e68577ecb98bab07e9795dcb183d039d16f541ae812dccaa08f5b0f", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 554, "question": "Regarding the neck", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "638e6212715cd19c934e2c5980d542f02505ee8226e130cb44cb37348fede886", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 555, "question": "The vertebral arteries", "chapter": "Chapter 18: Neck", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "0efd31fd5667a6803c9d0d96f7f6ae4d851835e72d5bdc31c04d3c89e4fb18b7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "106", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 120 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "69", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 83 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "155", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 169 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "106", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 120 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "92", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 106 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...ascends through the foramina of the upper six (or seven, five or four) cervical vertebrae... passes through the transverse foramina of C6–C1...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...then arches medially, passing behind the lateral masses of C1 before entering the cranial cavity...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 69, "printedPage": "55" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left vertebral artery may arise directly from the arch of the aorta (5%).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The vertebral artery arises from the superior aspect of the first part of the subclavian artery.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The basilar artery... Its branches are:... Anterior inferior cerebellar artery... The vertebral artery... Its branches are:... Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 556, "question": "Regarding azygous fissure", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "1fe1e98392ae9603a25862e36c1c72deea8d91b8b334b359ea8bd5a5096ece35", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "148", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 162 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The azygos fissure, although found in 1% of postmortem subjects, is seen in 0.4% of radiographs with the ‘teardrop’ shadow of the azygos vein in its lower end.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 162, "printedPage": "148" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is in fact a downward invagination of the azygos vein through the apical portion of the right upper lobe due to embryological descent of the azygos arch through the lung rather than through the mediastinum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It therefore drags with it four pleural layers – two visceral and two parietal – folded in on themselves.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The term ‘azygos lobe’ describes the portion of the right upper lobe medial to the azygos fissure, but the term is inappropriate as there is no corresponding change in lobar architecture.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 557, "question": "In the breast:", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4966e6508c1ef849b559ac9730c40d4378e9b189fb5e9dbf3dfd516d0c60fa7d", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "345", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 359 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "353", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 367 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "353", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 367 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The internal architecture of the breast is arranged into 15–20 lobes...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 359, "printedPage": "345" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Parenchymal atrophy starts in early adulthood and is accelerated at the menopause, with diminishing amounts of glandular tissue and an increasing amount of fat.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 367, "printedPage": "353" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fat is hyperintense (bright) on T1 and T2 images unless it has been nullified using special fat-saturation sequences.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 366, "printedPage": "352" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fibroglandular and stromal elements are hypointense (dark) on T1 images.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 366, "printedPage": "352" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fat is hypointense because it has been saturated out. 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Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "The wall of the oesophagus is made up of five layers: the mucosa, the muscularis mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis propria and the adventitia.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 478, "printedPage": "482" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "serosa except at the distal end.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Three major impressions are seen anteriorly. These are made by the aortic arch, the left main bronchus and the left heart chambers (mainly left atrium) from above down.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Oesophageal hiatus – at level T10...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 145, "printedPage": "131" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 576, "question": "The oesophagus", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "c8d061ce90b4b690a2012f6236e3f1f0f94e29cb76603b27a08d0d3171daa53a", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "171", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 185 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "131", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 145 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "171", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 185 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "184", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 198 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 478, "printedPage": "482", "section": "Ch. 19 — Anatomy", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On the frontal view, the oesophagus has a left-sided indentation from the aortic arch.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Oesophageal hiatus – at level T10...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 145, "printedPage": "131" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Descending thoracic aorta (left initially then posterior as it descends).", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 184, "printedPage": "170" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At approximately T9. The oesophagus traverses the diaphragm at this level, in a relatively anterior position...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "The normal oesophagus when adequately distended should have a wall thickness of less than 5 mm on CT.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 482, "printedPage": "486" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 577, "question": "Regarding cardiac imaging", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "321c12d3e95e3cd69d6b328f0bea0e04a8d425662731644264a49d96aabd6ca2", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "154", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 168 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "162", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 176 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "162", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 176 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "156", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 170 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "158", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 172 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Transverse pericardial sinus: A visceral pericardium-lined tunnel separating the aortic root and pulmonary trunk anteriorly...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 168, "printedPage": "154" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right heart border is made up primarily by the right atrium...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 176, "printedPage": "162" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is square-shaped and smooth-walled, and forms the most superior and posterior part of the heart on the lateral view.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 172, "printedPage": "158" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The coronary sinus... drains into the posterior wall of the right atrium to the left of the orifice of the IVC.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The crista terminalis is a thin muscular ridge that extends along the lateral wall of the right atrium from the orifice of the SVC to the orifice of the IVC.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 170, "printedPage": "156" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This represents an embryological divide between the smooth-walled posterior right atrium which receives the major vessels and the anterior right atrium which is ridged by pectinate muscles.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A band of tissue called the moderator band traverses the RV...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 578, "question": "Regarding heart", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "5dbf02ab250de20c1e554928269661d310be4ee3921ee5d13944c0db2fcbebb2", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "163", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 177 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "158", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 172 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "159", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 173 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "166", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 180 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Valve position may be deduced on PA and lateral films in relation to the cardiac outline or the sternum and ribs (Fig. 4.37).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In its inferior portion, the interatrial septum bears an oval depression named the fossa ovalis...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The fossa ovalis can also be seen on the left atrial side of the interatrial side...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 172, "printedPage": "158" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right coronary sinus of Valsalva (also known as the anterior sinus) points anteriorly and gives rise to the right coronary artery (RCA).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 173, "printedPage": "159" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The horizontal long axis is equivalent to an axial of the heart as well as the echo four-chamber view.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 180, "printedPage": "166" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The vertical long axis is akin to a sagittal or two-chamber view of the heart and the short axis is like a coronal along the plane of the LV from base to apex...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 180, "printedPage": "166" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 579, "question": "Regarding the heart", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7faf19aa8e7f114dc62301f535dd48007ba7731c6ef315bec114ba2f46716570", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "158", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 172 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "158", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 172 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "156", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 170 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "154", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 168 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "155", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 169 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In its inferior portion, the interatrial septum bears an oval depression named the fossa ovalis...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is square-shaped and smooth-walled, and forms the most superior and posterior part of the heart on the lateral view.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 172, "printedPage": "158" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On CT, the serous and fibrous layers of the pericardium cannot be distinguished from each other and the whole structure appears as a single, very thin, soft tissue–density line.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Transverse pericardial sinus: A visceral pericardium-lined tunnel separating the aortic root and pulmonary trunk anteriorly from the superior aspect of the left atrium including the SVC, posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 168, "printedPage": "154" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Superior aortic recess. This is a blind-ending pericardial recess projecting superiorly from the transverse sinus to partially surround the ascending thoracic aorta.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 169, "printedPage": "155" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 580, "question": "Regarding the heart", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "a3b6e6ecf9bf7d4cb36abd9042c8fb78c12cd8c462c36254268e19c51aef25d3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "157", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 171 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "158", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 172 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "166", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 180 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "162", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 176 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The mitral valve has two cusps, while the tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary valves all normally have three cusps (trileaflet or tricuspid).", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 170, "printedPage": "156" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pulmonary valve has three semilunar cusps – right and left anterior and a posterior cusp.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 172, "printedPage": "158" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A band of tissue called the moderator band traverses the RV and is part of the conduction system of the heart and is often recognizable on CT and MRI.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Occasionally coronary arteries traverse segments of myocardial muscle, a finding termed myocardial bridging.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right heart border is made up primarily by the right atrium...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 176, "printedPage": "162" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 581, "question": "In the chest, the", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d699934fff5cf4ad30ea8937a6cd0f43bf2be2709b40768ad25f7775a483763b", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "140", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 154 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "140", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 154 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "141", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 155 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "173", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 187 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "180", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 194 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "173", "printedPage": "172", "pdfPage": 186, "evidence": "It then descends to drain into the left subclavian vein at the jugulosubclavian junction.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "E", "previousPrintedPage": "180", "printedPage": "179", "pdfPage": 193, "evidence": "This is the superior mediastinal level. The trachea is seen in the midline, with the great vessels anteriorly and the oesophagus behind.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The carina is the bifurcation of the trachea into the left and right main bronchi and typically lies at the level of the T4/T5 intervertebral disc...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 154, "printedPage": "140" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This asymmetry gives the right main bronchus a more vertical downward course and the left main bronchus a more horizontal course.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Right lower lobe bronchus segmental divisions:\n■ Superior (this comes off opposite to the right\nmiddle lobe bronchus)", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 155, "printedPage": "141" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It then descends to drain into the left subclavian vein at the jugulosubclavian junction.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is the superior mediastinal level. The trachea is seen in the midline, with the great vessels anteriorly and the oesophagus behind.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 193, "printedPage": "179" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 582, "question": "In the hilum, the", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "f8a642e86948304ed29ab670793185ad01fb9f75cf43d83a8c696f3adc21bb9a", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "149", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 163 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "148", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 162 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left pulmonary artery passes posteriorly from the pulmonary trunk, arching over the superior aspect of the left main bronchus to reach its posterior surface.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In contrast to the main bronchi, the right pulmonary artery is longer than the left. It passes across the midline below the carina and comes to lie anterior to the right main bronchus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The interlobar artery is seen lateral to the bronchus intermedius on the right. This should not measure more than 16 mm midway down its visible length and should have a smooth, nonbumpy contour which gradually tapers.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 163, "printedPage": "149" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lymph vessels of the lung are in superficial and deep plexuses.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 161, "printedPage": "147" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superficial plexus beneath the pleura drains around the surface of the lungs and the margins of the fissures to converge at the hila and the bronchopulmonary nodes.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The deep channels drain with the pulmonary vessels towards the hila.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 161, "printedPage": "147" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 583, "question": "In thorax", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7cd42681473d15706e26b7fd6a67ce86f68487fce568a52e68bd07a378e786c8", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "145", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 159 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "140", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 154 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "131", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 145 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "150", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 164 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The parenchyma between the central structures and interlobular septae are made up of about eight acini (a subunit smaller than the secondary lobule comprising respiratory bronchioles and alveoli).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 159, "printedPage": "145" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "As the trachea and carina lie slightly to the right of midline, the right main bronchus is shorter and more vertically orientated than the left main bronchus, measuring 2.5 cm in length.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left pulmonary artery passes posteriorly from the pulmonary trunk, arching over the superior aspect of the left main bronchus...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Oesophageal hiatus – at level T10: this is to the left of the midline but is surrounded by fibres of the right crus. With the oesophagus it transmits the right and left vagus nerves, branches of the left gastric artery, veins and lymphatics.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Caval opening – at level T8: transmits the inferior vena cava (IVC)... and the right phrenic nerve.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right main pulmonary artery is a large oval structure... measuring up to 3 cm.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal diameter of the pulmonary trunk is less than 2.9 cm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 184, "printedPage": "170" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 584, "question": "Regarding airway", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "cf3e0f4aa25ffce8b22a316b766129f3a6ba8c130da42bf2a5024f348c7b179c", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "141", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 155 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "150", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 164 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "151", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 165 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "140", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 154 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left main bronchus is twice as long as the right main bronchus (5 cm vs 2.5 cm)", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 155, "printedPage": "141" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On the lateral chest radiograph... The more superior lucency is the right upper lobe bronchus (the eparterial bronchus). The more inferior bronchus usually represents the left upper lobe bronchus... but can represent the left main bronchus...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The trachea is circular in inspiration/breath hold with a normal diameter range quoted as 13–25 mm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 165, "printedPage": "151" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The upper trachea is supplied by the inferior thyroid artery and the lower part is supplied by branches of the bronchial arteries.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 154, "printedPage": "140" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 585, "question": "Regarding chest", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "91356309c244f35a0a5c622f977fcd792b75aae1afc18cf4039a376da7691fbf", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "178", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 192 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "132", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 146 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "142", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 156 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "143", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "132", "printedPage": "131", "pdfPage": 145, "evidence": "Right and left phrenic nerves from C3 to C5 roots provide the motor supply of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerves descend from the neck along the lateral aspects of the mediastinum and then course from medial to lateral along the central domes of the left and right hemidiaphragms.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In contrast to the main bronchi, the right pulmonary artery is longer than the left. It passes across the midline below the carina and comes to lie anterior to the right main bronchus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left pulmonary artery passes posteriorly from the pulmonary trunk, arching over the superior aspect of the left main bronchus to reach its posterior surface.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The minor fissure is understood to refer to the right-sided horizontal/transverse fissure, without having to specify laterality. It separates the upper and middle lobes of the right lung.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "As the trachea is air filled the right tracheal wall is seen as a stripe, which should not measure more than 3 mm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 192, "printedPage": "178" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Right and left phrenic nerves from C3 to C5 roots provide the motor supply of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerves descend from the neck along the lateral aspects of the mediastinum and then course from medial to lateral along the central domes of the left and right hemidiaphragms.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 145, "printedPage": "131" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The typical (orthotopic) bronchial artery arises from the descending thoracic aorta between T5 and T6 (just below the level of the carina).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 156, "printedPage": "142" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "70% of people have one right and two left bronchial arteries, with the most common configuration being the right bronchial artery arising from an intercostobronchial trunk from the right lateral aspect of the descending thoracic aorta...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 586, "question": "Regarding chest", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "461e6257de03c5892f6d38324ed1d010461ef5266b0d588bde223738f46d86eb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "137", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 151 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "141", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 155 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "151", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 165 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Anterior junction line: Formed by the lungs meeting anteromedially anterior to the arch of the aorta. This line courses obliquely across the upper two thirds of the sternum on a PA chest radiograph and should not extend above the manubriosternal joint.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left main bronchus is twice as long as the right main bronchus (5 cm vs 2.5 cm), having to travel to the left lung from the right side of the mediastinum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 155, "printedPage": "141" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. These do not follow the bronchial pattern but tend to run in interlobular and intersegmental septae.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lobar bronchi divide into segmental bronchi supplying the bronchopulmonary segments of each lobe along with a corresponding pulmonary arterial branch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fissures. On high-resolution CT fissures are seen as sharp lines. On thicker reconstructions, fissures may be seen as areas of relative avascularity where tapering vessels are less visible.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 165, "printedPage": "151" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 587, "question": "Regarding the normal chest", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d0572e1718644270f0a767a369c29afab5ca68228761b96a2b38452660398ebb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "151", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 165 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "148", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 162 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "137", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 151 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On thicker reconstructions, fissures may be seen as areas of relative avascularity where tapering vessels are less visible.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 165, "printedPage": "151" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "An accessory azygos fissure is reported to be present in up to 1% of the population.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "When present, the superior accessory fissure separates the superior segment of the lower lobe from other basal segments.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The inferior accessory fissure separates the medial basal segment from other lower lobe segments.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The roots of the lungs are surrounded by pleura and form the inferior pulmonary ligaments inferiorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The inferior pulmonary ligaments are also usually visible on CT extending below the inferior pulmonary vein caudally and posteriorly to the diaphragm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 151, "printedPage": "137" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 588, "question": "Regarding the trachea and bronchus", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d0dc7a1c5c118eb5a88782bb0bdee5a0e55d0d94239824cfc240dba5dde8bd51", "issues": [ "Stephanie Ryan — Anatomy for Diagnostic Imaging cited without an identifiable page number." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "140", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 154 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "141", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 155 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "151", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 165 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The carina is the bifurcation of the trachea... and typically lies at the level of the T4/T5 intervertebral disc...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This angle is slightly larger in children.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 154, "printedPage": "140" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "As the trachea and carina lie slightly to the right of midline, the right main bronchus is shorter and more vertically orientated than the left main bronchus, measuring 2.5 cm in length and forming an angle of about 25 degrees to the vertical median (left main bronchus: 5 cm long and 40-degree\nangle).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bronchus to the upper lobe is also known as the eparterial bronchus (epi – above).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 155, "printedPage": "141" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is the only one of the lobar bronchi on either side to branch above the level of a main pulmonary artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 155, "printedPage": "141" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct ascends anterior to the vertebral column, with the descending aorta to its left and the azygos vein to its right.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It ascends behind the oesophagus, coming to lie to the left of this at T5 and then running superiorly on its left side into the neck.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The trachea is circular in inspiration/breath hold with a normal diameter range quoted as 13–25 mm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 165, "printedPage": "151" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 589, "question": "In the adult chest, the", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "64c07982e105d7a6158e13af36dddb477598d620c5fd6c981e032793a3df857a", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "162", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 176 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left pulmonary artery runs to the left, arching over the left main bronchus as it gives off the upper lobe bronchus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The great cardiac vein begins at the LV apex as the anterior interventricular vein... in the anterior interventricular groove with the LAD.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "An accessory azygos fissure is reported to be present in up to 1% of the population.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 590, "question": "In the chest", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "88be4756c76543e4338d5485466c51bf3fffb633fde27baa36698efa795037cd", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "162", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 176 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "144", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 158 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left pulmonary artery runs to the left, arching over the left main bronchus as it gives off the upper lobe bronchus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The great cardiac vein begins at the LV apex as the anterior interventricular vein... in the anterior interventricular groove with the LAD.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "An accessory azygos fissure is reported to be present in up to 1% of the population.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 158, "printedPage": "144" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 591, "question": "In the chest at the level of the T2 vertebra, the", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "de5863355ec2a5cdfc70275cf3974471e4f32928b43fab97aa6fc42e4d6a3d72", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "179", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 193 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "179", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 193 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "180", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 194 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At this level is the lower part of the aortic arch to the left of the trachea...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 193, "printedPage": "179" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Its only tributary is the azygos vein, which enters its posterior aspect just above the upper limit of its covering sheath of pericardium.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 184, "printedPage": "170" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left brachiocephalic vein is seen passing anteriorly to the branches of the aortic arch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left pulmonary artery runs to the left, arching over the left main bronchus as it gives off the upper lobe bronchus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The brachiocephalic veins are anterior and lateral to the arteries and unite to form the SVC...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 592, "question": "In the superior mediastinum", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "6578ce0074134508d2c8fe78e1bb7f68d2d67e5dd121b56ca6602359a0af3d63", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "179", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 193 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "173", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 187 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "139", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 153 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "140", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 154 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "179", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 193 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left brachiocephalic vein is seen passing anteriorly to the branches of the aortic arch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is rarely seen on chest radiographs after 8 years of age...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 187, "printedPage": "173" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Thoracic (see Fig. 4.9). The thoracic relations are as follows:... Right lateral:... Right vagus nerve...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is the reflected pleura from the aortic arch to the pulmonary trunk and left pulmonary artery. It defines the lateral boundary of the aortopulmonary window.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 593, "question": "Organs / structures in anterior mediastinum", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c57a922475a5bd8eab852a2fca339f86ee71dd63e07e1dbba64a064583fa4853", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior mediastinum contains the: ■ Aortic arch and branches ■ Brachiocephalic veins and superior vena cava ■ Trachea ■ Oesophagus...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The contains the: ■ Thymus ■ Mammary vessels ■ Lymph nodes", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 594, "question": "Regarding blood supply of thoracic cavity", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b1e5b3f08e81f033c16b195bd9ef5319d5fa62e7652f563034e09c0f4d7b66f7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "142", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 156 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "135", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 149 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "142", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 156 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "143", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 157 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "160", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 174 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "159", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 173 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "160", "printedPage": "159", "pdfPage": 173, "evidence": "Distal:\n■ Branch to the atrioventricular node.\n■ PDA and PLB when dominant.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bronchial arteries... provide nutritive supply to multiple structures including the pulmonary interstitium, pleura, larger vessel walls, a portion of the oesophagus as well as the bronchi and bronchioles.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The visceral pleura receives arterial supply from both the bronchial and the pulmonary circulation.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 149, "printedPage": "135" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The typical (orthotopic) bronchial artery arises from the descending thoracic aorta between T5 and T6...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 156, "printedPage": "142" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A typical bronchial artery may arise directly from the descending thoracic aorta as an individual vessel or share a short common stem with a posterior intercostal artery (an intercostobronchial trunk) and then branch into separate intercostal and bronchial arteries.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Seventy percent of people have one right and two left bronchial arteries...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 157, "printedPage": "143" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Distal:\n■ Branch to the atrioventricular node.\n■ PDA and PLB when dominant.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 173, "printedPage": "159" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right coronary sinus of Valsalva (also known as the anterior sinus) points anteriorly and gives rise to the right coronary artery (RCA).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 173, "printedPage": "159" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 595, "question": "Regarding great vessels in thorax", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "969cb5b96ef3003e0003357772d3c2a75e3e329e6fd9efc195555d1fc78e070b", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "167", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 181 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "147", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 161 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "170", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 184 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "170", "printedPage": "169", "pdfPage": 183, "evidence": "The second part is posterior to the scalenus anterior muscle, which separates it from the subclavian vein.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At its origin it lies behind the outflow tract of the RV and the pulmonary trunk, and the right atrial appendage overlaps it.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It ascends to the right, arching over the pulmonary trunk...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 181, "printedPage": "167" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The entire pulmonary trunk is covered by the pericardium in a common sheath with the ascending aorta.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 184, "printedPage": "170" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is attached to the concavity of the aortic arch by the ligamentum arteriosum, the fibrous remnant of the ductus arteriosus.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 184, "printedPage": "170" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The ligamentum arteriosum, the fibrous remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosum, can routinely be seen on CT as a thin, linear soft tissue–density structure connecting the left main pulmonary artery and the isthmus of the aortic arch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The second part is posterior to the scalenus anterior muscle, which separates it from the subclavian vein.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 183, "printedPage": "169" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 596, "question": "Regarding mediastinum", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "e4ba82b844d3996a6a481cde41f2569cfe65342e9f404bb662f15904656d3ac4", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "153", "printedPage": "152", "pdfPage": 166, "evidence": "The anterior mediastinum is between the anterior part of the heart and the sternum.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "153", "printedPage": "152", "pdfPage": 166, "evidence": "The superior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Aortic arch and branches\n■ Brachiocephalic veins and SVC\n■ Trachea\n■ Oesophagus\n■ Thoracic duct\n■ Lymph nodes\n■ Nerves", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior mediastinum is between the anterior part of the heart and the sternum.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 166, "printedPage": "152" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior mediastinum is above a line drawn from the lower border of the T4 vertebral body to the manubriosternal joint.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Aortic arch and branches\n■ Brachiocephalic veins and SVC\n■ Trachea\n■ Oesophagus\n■ Thoracic duct\n■ Lymph nodes\n■ Nerves", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 166, "printedPage": "152" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Descending aorta\n■ Oesophagus\n■ Azygos venous system\n■ Thoracic duct\n■ Para-aortic, oesophageal and paraspinal nodes", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 597, "question": "Regarding the mediastinum:", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "ec78d440d8cef41089a87b3f0b335a136e7f6479c5c653e47f77549a011a01c0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "178", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 192 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "176", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 190 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "153", "printedPage": "152", "pdfPage": 166, "evidence": "The anterior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Thymus\n■ Mammary vessels\n■ Lymph nodes", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior mediastinum is above a line drawn from the lower border of the T4 vertebral body to the manubriosternal joint.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Thymus\n■ Mammary vessels\n■ Lymph nodes", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 166, "printedPage": "152" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "As the trachea is air filled the right tracheal wall is seen as a stripe, which should not measure more than 3 mm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 192, "printedPage": "178" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On the right the recurrent laryngeal nerve winds around the subclavian artery before ascending through neck between the trachea and oesophagus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 598, "question": "The thoracic aorta", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "192f83afce149e326a6014eaf5adc45a34f7659f529807c27f7e4ed380fb59b9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "180", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 194 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "142", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 156 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "180", "printedPage": "179", "pdfPage": 193, "evidence": "The right atrial appendage may be seen overlapping the origin of the aorta.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right atrial appendage may be seen overlapping the origin of the aorta.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 193, "printedPage": "179" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The typical (orthotopic) bronchial artery arises from the descending thoracic aorta between T5 and T6 (just below the level of the carina).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 156, "printedPage": "142" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 599, "question": "Left phrenic nerve", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "e40346f364f28c1d7eba046bc24a810e5428ce1233837825e0c856a0a89d78a2", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "177", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 191 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "177", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 191 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "177", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 191 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "177", "printedPage": "176", "pdfPage": 190, "evidence": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum, and runs on the left heart border to reach the diaphragm.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The phrenic nerves arise from the third to fifth cervical nerves...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 190, "printedPage": "176" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum, and runs on the left heart border to reach the diaphragm.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 190, "printedPage": "176" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 600, "question": "Left phrenic nerve", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "de4aa40843d31b11f097865145f125176ce4420c824a39e41e52a9ea79eeec2f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "177", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 191 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "177", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 191 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "177", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 191 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "177", "printedPage": "176", "pdfPage": 190, "evidence": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum, and runs on the left heart border to reach the diaphragm.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "177", "printedPage": "176", "pdfPage": 190, "evidence": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum, and runs on the left heart border to reach the diaphragm.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The phrenic nerves arise from the third to fifth cervical nerves and are the motor supply to the diaphragm.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum, and runs on the left heart border to reach the diaphragm.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 190, "printedPage": "176" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left phrenic nerve runs down over the aortic arch and left superior intercostal vein, in front of the left hilum, and runs on the left heart border to reach the diaphragm.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 190, "printedPage": "176" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 601, "question": "The thoracic duct", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "053219295d773babdd37566ef1c9a52a609c457f060c404e7a4b2ca8146925fc", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct arises from a saccular lymphatic reservoir called the ‘cisterna chyli’... anterior to the bodies of L1 and L2.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct ascends anterior to the vertebral column, with the descending aorta to its left and the azygos vein to its right.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It then passes laterally behind the carotid vessels...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It then descends to drain into the left subclavian vein at the jugulosubclavian junction.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 602, "question": "The thoracic duct", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "6f0061617bfd6491dee0f0c393e7f2d3979161f2c88e207ed94f5d409807bfb0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct has many valves in its last 5 cm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct ascends anterior to the vertebral column, with the descending aorta to its left and the azygos vein to its right.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It then passes laterally behind the carotid vessels...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It ascends behind the oesophagus, coming to lie to the left of this at T5...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 603, "question": "The thoracic duct:", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "ef5062a7c34a1064be5830d036dce70c5c0c8f0661f3182e6536d795892f103f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "131", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 145 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct arises from a saccular lymphatic reservoir called the ‘cisterna chyli’, which lies behind the right crus of the diaphragm, anterior to the bodies of L1 and L2.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Aortic – at level T12: The aorta passes posterior to the diaphragm, between the right and left crura, immediately posterior to the median arcuate ligament...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct and the azygos vein pass with the aorta.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It ascends behind the oesophagus, coming to lie to the left of this at T5...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Lymph from the abdomen and lower limbs passes from here into the thoracic duct...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct ascends anterior to the vertebral column, with the descending aorta to its left and the azygos vein to its right.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 604, "question": "Thoracic duct", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "0d2c9180086254a30c22aa8b8bb9332fcf6f4e663ec5540ab24af957bf6ab238", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "172", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 186 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct arises from a saccular lymphatic reservoir called the ‘cisterna chyli’... anterior to the bodies of L1 and L2.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thoracic duct ascends anterior to the vertebral column, with the descending aorta to its left and the azygos vein to its right.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It then descends to drain into the left subclavian vein at the jugulosubclavian junction.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It then passes laterally behind the carotid vessels...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 186, "printedPage": "172" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 605, "question": "Regarding thymus", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "3277a9376aa2bfad92784af33c4b955f3077a532d54bbf5b565ec367d3db5ca0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "grainger7", "printedPage": "27", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 44 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "174", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 188 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "174", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 188 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 44, "printedPage": "27", "section": "Ch. 2 — Mediastinum", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "bookId": "ryan4", "pdfPage": 188, "printedPage": "174", "section": "Thorax — thymus, CT and MRI", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "ryan4", "pdfPage": 188, "printedPage": "174", "section": "Thorax — thymus, CT and MRI", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "ryan4", "pdfPage": 188, "printedPage": "174", "section": "Thorax — thymus, CT and MRI", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [], "publicationCorrection": { "previousVerdict": "TRUE", "verdict": "FALSE", "reason": "Restored the original False key using first-priority Ryan, printed p. 174 / PDF 188; the previous Grainger-based correction was age-specific." }, "conflictNote": "Source difference: Grainger's age-specific T1 description differs from Ryan's general account. Ryan has priority for this unqualified anatomy question." } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "grainger7", "quotedText": "The thymus is situated anterior to the aorta and right ventricular outflow tract or pulmonary artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 44, "printedPage": "27" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal thymus can be seen on CT or MRI long after it is no longer visible on a radiograph. In children the thymus can have convex borders...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 187, "printedPage": "173" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 606, "question": "Regarding thymus", "chapter": "Chapter 19: Chest", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b3a23c42a3bd079706641b778acb493877485036d674d88c608bf94bde95088f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "173", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 187 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "173", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 187 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is visible on the chest radiograph within 24 hours of birth, gradually involuting after 2 years of age.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The thymus gradually undergoes fatty replacement...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It has two lobes, the left larger and higher than the right...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 187, "printedPage": "173" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 607, "question": "Regarding the abdominal muscles", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "dcef4de188297e46ae023e0a39dfe78f8aa140f971cf37e160642df29d1b6632", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "246", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 260 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "They descend anteriorly, fusing with the iliacus muscle, which arises from the inner surface of the ilium. The fused iliopsoas muscle passes anteriorly under the inguinal ligament to insert into the lesser trochanter of the femur.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Synovium lines the capsule and occasionally bulges out anteriorly as a bursa in front of the psoas muscle where this muscle passes in front of the hip joint.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 608, "question": "Regarding 2.the adrenal gland", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4b8689d021bfc6c36988cdf33b91c63a09402dff3690a4d5dee1bcbbc2ab6076", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right adrenal gland is seen posterior to the IVC", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 244, "printedPage": "230" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "inverted V shape being commonest on the right", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 244, "printedPage": "230" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "limb thickness is usually less than 1 cm", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 244, "printedPage": "230" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior adrenal artery from the inferior phrenic artery", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "anterior margin of the suprarenal fat", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 609, "question": "Regarding adrenal gland", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "bb074f000b77a73194bdd346e385632846fa404c7dd285e9d8a7682eeca15ec9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "one-third the size of the kidney at birth", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "lies posterior to the splenic vein", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "should not be thicker than the diameter of the adjacent crus", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "superior adrenal artery from the inferior phrenic artery", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "iso- or slightly hypointense compared to liver on both T1- and T2-weighted images", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 244, "printedPage": "230" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 610, "question": "The right suprarenal gland", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "9bc799ea24a0d723f715296604f84203ed910d5f22c9beb36ac6af1eb82772b3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "each enclosed within the perirenal fascia", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right adrenal vein drains to the IVC", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "should not be thicker than the diameter of the adjacent crus", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 611, "question": "Regarding anus and rectum", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4d2527b076d0def26fbea3686460c278a8c796f7466da50b67e24b2647ed4b01", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "200", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 214 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "255", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 269 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "257", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 271 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "257", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 271 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lower third of the rectum is below the pelvic peritoneum.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "external sphincter of voluntary muscle, which blends with the levator ani.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "from the lower rectum to internal iliac nodes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 271, "printedPage": "257" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 612, "question": "Regarding the anal canal", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2aaa37361411f5af632f5eb1c3b84991f212442870ad5e352aecdfaf2e9c9033", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "255", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 269 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "255", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 269 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "257", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 271 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "257", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 271 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "257", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 271 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "257", "printedPage": "256", "pdfPage": 270, "evidence": "The superior rectal artery is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "E", "previousPrintedPage": "257", "printedPage": "256", "pdfPage": 270, "evidence": "The superior, middle and inferior rectal (haemorrhoidal) arteries form a rich submucous plexus supplying the rectum and anal canal.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the perineal body separates the anus from the vagina in the female", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 269, "printedPage": "255" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior rectal artery is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 270, "printedPage": "256" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lower anal canal drains to superficial inguinal nodes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 271, "printedPage": "257" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior, middle and inferior rectal (haemorrhoidal) arteries form a rich submucous plexus supplying the rectum and anal canal.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 270, "printedPage": "256" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 613, "question": "Hepatic duct:", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "ee7af88e866332c785e53ea30deb30bfefae839465c7945754aed70396c72dc6", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "222", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 236 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Intrahepatic bile ducts are tiny structures that run with portal vein branches.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The RAD has a more horizontal course and usually passes anterior to the RPD.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The fissure for the ligamentum venosum on the visceral surface separates the caudate\nlobe (segment I) posteriorly from segments II and IV anteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Umbilicus — Paraumbilical veins with ligamentum teres.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 235, "printedPage": "221" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 614, "question": "In the hepatobiliary system:", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "74552d37a864a75cd409ddee2f376111e9bf82adbe7893f19d27a139e3075314", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "237", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 251 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "205", "printedPage": "204", "pdfPage": 218, "evidence": "The hepatic artery normally passes anterior to the portal vein and posterior to the common hepatic duct (CHD).", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal gallbladder wall is seen as a thin echogenic line less than 3 mm thick.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The hepatic artery normally passes anterior to the portal vein and posterior to the common hepatic duct (CHD).", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior wall of the lesser sac is formed by the peritoneum overlying the pancreas…", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas and higher on T1 … than the spleen.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 615, "question": "Regarding hepatobiliary system", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2c898797095627ed7f693ce03f9265d0148b4bd11748acda89eba1e9945c1a11", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third … with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Heavily T2-weighted fat-suppressed sequences produce images where static fluid in the bile ducts and pancreatic duct is hyperintense.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas and\nliver higher on T1 and lower on T2 images than the spleen..", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal gallbladder wall is seen as a thin echogenic line less than 3 mm thick.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 616, "question": "The common bile duct", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "1b50550c38cefe6aa8d9848b2dd8ea6f8b160f829bd1d212fd508853841a40d5", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "243", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 257 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "211", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 225 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "211", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 225 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bile duct lies in the lateral aspect of the head, close to the duodenal surface. The gastroduodenal artery (a branch of the hepatic artery) lies lateral and more anterior.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third where it lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD usually unites with the pancreatic duct in a common dilated terminal ampulla (of Vater) and empties into the duodenum at the papilla...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The upper limit of normal for diameter of the CBD varies with age... However, up to 8 mm is considered normal in older subjects, and up to 10 mm is normal in the postcholecystectomy case.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD and the pancreatic duct may have separate openings close to each other in up to 40% of cases and widely separate from each other in 4% of cases.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 225, "printedPage": "211" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 617, "question": "The common bile duct is", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "873fac4de5ec57c03e6863d53d7c98b81178fcf2bf2afd6389122b8710b98352", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "211", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 225 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third where it lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third where it lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior part of the right subhepatic space is located just posterior to the porta hepatis and communicates with the lesser sac via the foramen of Winslow.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "anterior to the foramen of Winslow.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The upper limit of normal for diameter of the CBD varies with age... However, up to 8 mm is considered normal in older subjects, and up to 10 mm is normal in the postcholecystectomy case.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD is also seen at the level of the porta anterior to the portal vein. On lower level CT slices the CBD may be seen in a groove or a tunnel posterior to the head of the pancreas.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Heavily T2-weighted fat-suppressed sequences produce images where static fluid in the bile ducts and pancreatic duct is hyperintense and background signal is suppressed.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 618, "question": "The normal common bile duct:", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "35f3c339693b1924cc5e410258256da524a801323fb09af10edf2f3fae28a098", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "243", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 257 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "211", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 225 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bile duct lies in the lateral aspect of the head, close to the duodenal surface. The gastroduodenal artery (a branch of the hepatic artery) lies lateral and more anterior.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third where it lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The upper limit of normal for diameter of the CBD varies with age... However, up to 8 mm is considered normal in older subjects, and up to 10 mm is normal in the postcholecystectomy case.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD usually unites with the pancreatic duct in a common dilated terminal ampulla (of Vater) and empties into the duodenum at the papilla...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD is also seen at the level of the porta anterior to the portal vein. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These measure approximately 2 cm, 8 cm, 8 cm and 4 cm, respectively.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 204, "printedPage": "190" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first and upper half of the second part of the duodenum is supplied by the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The third part of the duodenum runs for approximately 8 cm horizontally across the anterior aspect of the L3 vertebra, the IVC and aorta.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Its superior turn is suspended by a peritoneal fold… called the ligament of Treitz.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first 2.5 cm of duodenum, like the stomach, is attached to the greater and lesser omentum. The remainder of the duodenum is retroperitoneal.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 620, "question": "Regarding duodenum", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d898d3edbf404fe55d3ce5a6aca524439f6ff8a50355d96cc55e9d01d54e89da", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "190", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 204 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "191", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 205 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "192", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 206 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "192", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 206 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "190", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 204 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first 2.5 cm of duodenum, like the stomach, is attached to the greater and lesser omentum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 204, "printedPage": "190" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The first and upper half of the second part of the duodenum is supplied by the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Circular valvulae conniventes begin in the second part of the duodenum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 206, "printedPage": "192" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The third part of the duodenum is indented by the aorta posteriorly and superior mesenteric vessels anteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 206, "printedPage": "192" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the fourth ascends again to L2 level.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 204, "printedPage": "190" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 621, "question": "Regarding duodenum and small intestine", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "aeea82c30e826bab54bce969d9683300de7eb608377f38ebf5edfa13ae08e9b5", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "191", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 205 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "193", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 207 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "194", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 208 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Compound calyces are commoner in the upper pole", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "most abundant medial to the lower pole", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 240, "printedPage": "226" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the vein, artery, pelvis from anterior to posterior", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "surface notches are between the calyces", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the renal cortex has a slightly higher signal than the medulla", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 240, "printedPage": "226" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 628, "question": "Regarding kidney", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "78df1b397597c95d2a290469a3d56b4b58c4b0a3fa79a963646bbd837f5df2fb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "224", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 238 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The renal sinus contains fat, calyces, infundibula", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the vein, artery, pelvis from anterior to posterior", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right adrenal vein drains to the IVC", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "lies anterior to the anterior renal fascia and behind the posterior peritoneum", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 238, "printedPage": "224" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "in the young infant is iso- or hyperechoic", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 629, "question": "Regarding kidneys", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "fe2019311883f0235aa7847db742776b4e4398bee41b1327dbf32ab3af3f5425", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the ureter serving the upper renal moiety… is inserted lower into the bladder", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The renal arteries normally arise from the aorta at L1/L2 level", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 237, "printedPage": "223" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the left hilum is usually slightly higher than the right", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 257, "printedPage": "243" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The renal fascia is less than 1 mm thick", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 240, "printedPage": "226" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 632, "question": "Regarding the kidney", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "59affb21f137b6199bcba84e782c390cedd483e441e0e7a5cd1ce149f8e6764c", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The more mobile transverse and sigmoid colon", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The sigmoid colon also has a mesentery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Each of these vessels anastomoses with its neighbour, forming a marginal artery (of Drummond) close to the colon.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These are three flattened bands of longitudinal muscle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 212, "printedPage": "198" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These are especially numerous in the sigmoid colon.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 638, "question": "In the abdomen, the", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "fda1be238e82f755e74f1a839c3a378acb85ac19f8df7da3f754a48222ba4d8e", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "194", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 208 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "230", "printedPage": "229", "pdfPage": 243, "evidence": "One vein drains the adrenal gland on each side. The right adrenal vein drains to the IVC and the left adrenal vein drains to the left renal vein.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "One vein drains the adrenal gland on each side. The right adrenal vein drains to the IVC and the left adrenal vein drains to the left renal vein.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These branches link with one another in a series of arcades, which are usually single in the jejunum but number up to five in the distal ileum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 208, "printedPage": "194" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The liver is drained by hepatic veins, which drain upwards and posteriorly to the IVC without an extrahepatic course.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Segments II and III are the farthest left, divided by the left hepatic vein from segment IV.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right hepatic vein divides the right lobe into anterior and posterior segments.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 639, "question": "In the liver, the", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "a05516376217683ecbd9211575a0ea9afa84a64d98de2bc3c8959b7f781a7d41", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "208", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 222 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "203", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 217 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The intrahepatic bile ducts follow the same pattern of distribution as the hepatic arteries.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third where it lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Riedel’s lobe is a relatively common variant. It refers to inferior elongation of segment VI. This is an extension of the right lobe anterior to the lower pole of the right kidney…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The LHD is formed by the ducts draining segments II, III and IV.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left hepatic vein divides the left lobe into medial and lateral parts.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 640, "question": "In the liver:", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "deb58ce9a3be38b28edeead9926962a03e70060773b5a9a809c5106677ef608f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The intrahepatic bile ducts follow the same pattern of distribution as the hepatic arteries.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third where it lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left portal vein separates segment II above from segment III below.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right lobe has four segments, divided by the right hepatic vein into anteromedial and posterolateral divisions, and by the plane of the right branch of the portal vein into superior and inferior sections.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 641, "question": "regarding liver", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d7512a7cc8af1e2866bf98c7c279e0026429a9efaa71f7a0127f8b917a91b026", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The blood supply to the liver is from the portal venous system (75%) and the hepatic artery (25%).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The Couinaud classification divides the liver into eight functionally independent segments.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The subdivision into segments is based on branches of the right and left hepatic arteries.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right lobe has four segments, divided by the right hepatic vein into anteromedial and posterolateral divisions… These four segments are numbered in a clockwise fashion from anterior inferomedial: V, VI, VII and VIII.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 642, "question": "Regarding liver", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "ce7464066e7e347b492d463bbd4f10b6fbce8978eefb6d25a47da640783744be", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "237", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 251 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The peritoneum over the liver is continuous with that on the abdominal surface of the diaphragm except for a bare area posterosuperiorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 251, "printedPage": "237" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bare area of the liver lies between the reflections of the right and left coronary ligaments and is devoid of peritoneum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 251, "printedPage": "237" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The margins of the liver are visible where they are outlined by fat…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas and higher on T1 and lower on T2 images than the spleen.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 220, "printedPage": "206" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 643, "question": "Regarding Liver", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "98921345ad28c9ee917ddaaee13b6b66f5e07668cfce5ccb5f5a88c03d5d6820", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This duct has a variable diameter… and lies anterior to the portal vein in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left side.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Segments II and III are the farthest left, divided by the left hepatic vein from segment IV.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Segment IV lies between the left hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It passes anterior to the portal vein and medial to the CBD.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right lobe has four segments, divided by the right hepatic vein into anteromedial and posterolateral divisions, and by the plane of the right branch of the portal vein into superior and inferior sections.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 644, "question": "Regarding liver", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "eee71225404c9bad93a4e79314f6d152412bdb936f4d751924278e330b8db8a5", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This duct… lies anterior to the portal vein in the free edge of the lesser omentum…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The portal vein divides the liver into upper and lower segments.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The cortex is usually less echogenic than that of liver or spleen…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 220, "printedPage": "206" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 645, "question": "Regarding liver", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "542928246bd90aa54b8d58f2cfb9ea3e5c7a4fe4463d7182d58422ae10b2eb4e", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "205", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 219 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "202", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 216 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "203", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 217 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These four segments are numbered in a clockwise fashion from anterior inferomedial: V, VI, VII and VIII.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A lower group of small veins drain directly to the IVC from the lower parts of the right and caudate lobes.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 219, "printedPage": "205" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This ligament is the obliterated remnant of the umbilical vein…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 216, "printedPage": "202" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The fissure for the ligamentum teres is continuous with the fissure for the ligamentum venosum (ligamentum venosum = obliterated remnant of ductus venosum)…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas and higher on T1 and lower on T2 images than the spleen.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 220, "printedPage": "206" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 646, "question": "Regarding the liver", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d5eccd225bfd6f459c9a30f218338bbe1d58e9722dffe481fff3a74f9dd5b88f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "203", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 217 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The blood supply to the liver is from the portal venous system (75%) and the hepatic artery (25%).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The Couinaud classification divides the liver into eight functionally independent segments.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The subdivision into segments is based on branches of the right and left hepatic arteries.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 218, "printedPage": "204" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right lobe has four segments, divided by the right hepatic vein into anteromedial and posterolateral divisions, and by the plane of the right branch of the portal vein into superior and inferior sections. These four segments are numbered in a clockwise fashion from anterior inferomedial: V, VI, VII and VIII.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 647, "question": "In abdomen", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "732096b92770519581ddcebf71251771f8b0cd3dfc893665320c7f2624ec36d0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "216", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 230 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "227", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 241 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal pancreatic duct measures 4 mm at the pancreatic head, 3 mm in the body and 2 mm at the tail…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 230, "printedPage": "216" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left renal vein is five times as long as the right. It is multiple in 14% of venograms, has tributaries which surround the aorta in 7% and is retroaortic in 3.5%.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The splenic vein passes posterior to the body…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is retroperitoneal with the exception of the tail, which lies within the splenorenal ligament.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 648, "question": "Pancreas", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4c41eceb32ab1913218078bb873400360ea23c112855500d2f9a8ebccde763c4", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "216", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 230 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "208", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 222 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "211", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 225 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal pancreatic duct measures 4 mm at the pancreatic head, 3 mm in the body and 2 mm at the tail…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 230, "printedPage": "216" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The echotexture of the pancreas is normally homogeneous and iso- or slightly hyperechoic with respect to the liver. With ageing and in obesity it may be hyperechoic due to the presence of fat.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The upper limit of normal for diameter of the CBD varies with age.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 225, "printedPage": "211" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "However, up to 8 mm is considered normal in older subjects, and up to 10 mm is normal in the postcholecystectomy case.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 225, "printedPage": "211" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CHD is joined after a variable distance (usually 3.5 cm) by the cystic duct…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 224, "printedPage": "210" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The cystic duct has three common variants: ■ A low insertion… ■ A medial insertion… ■ A parallel course…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 649, "question": "Regarding pancreas", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "6921dc82922fae277eb88b5750a2d4c659cdb83fad525a3ee7392379c5d0a066", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The neck, body and tail of the pancreas drain to the splenic vein. The head drains to the superior mesenteric and portal veins.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The tail of the pancreas is related to the splenic hilum. Here it lies in the splenorenal ligament.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is retroperitoneal with the exception of the tail, which lies within the splenorenal ligament.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "With ageing and in obesity it may be hyperechoic due to the presence of fat.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 650, "question": "Regarding pancreas", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "87c44ee3208d785a1a6c673189dd94fad3cab74039654bf871c1d5c82e54750d", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "219", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 233 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The head is additionally supplied by the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas and higher on T1 and lower on T2 images than the spleen.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 220, "printedPage": "206" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This duct… lies anterior to the portal vein in the free edge of the lesser omentum, with the hepatic artery on its left side.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD has a supraduodenal third… with the hepatic artery on its left and the portal vein posteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On CT the spleen is seen as homogeneously enhancing. In\nthe arterial phase a palisading pattern of enhancement of\nthe splenic sinusoids (roughly parallel bands of enhancement\nseparated by nonenhancing connective tissue) may be\nseen (Fig. 5.43)..", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 651, "question": "Regarding the pancreas", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "dd7f4839a0bb197c8f1c526dee6ee0818a1173243ca5267bea11d54b3b19dd92", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD passes posterior to the head of the pancreas in a groove or tunnel towards its termination in the second part of the duodenum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The main duct is seen to begin by the union of small ducts in the tail… and ends in a dilated ampulla before entering the duodenum.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pancreas body and tail is supplied by pancreatic branches of the splenic artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The uncinate process projects posteriorly and to the left from its lower part to lie posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The CBD passes posterior to the head of the pancreas in a groove or tunnel towards its termination in the second part of the duodenum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The neck of the pancreas extends from the upper part of the anterior portion of the head. It lies anterior to the union of the splenic vein and the SMV to form the portal vein.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The splenic vein passes posterior to the body…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 652, "question": "Regarding the pancreas", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "0f054c11269ac1f10ddb9646bccc615e0409ea841c624293d26f6c2980940b86", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "213", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 227 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "214", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 228 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The exocrine pancreas is a lobulated serous gland which produces digestive enzymes.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The endocrine component of the pancreas consists of islet cells (islets of Langerhans) that produce and release insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and other hormones.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 227, "printedPage": "213" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The uncinate process projects posteriorly and to the left from its lower part to lie posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Pancreas divisum: Failure of fusion of the dorsal and ventral moieties results in the anterosuperior part of the head and the body and tail draining via the accessory papilla, while the posteroinferior part of the head drains to the ampulla…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 228, "printedPage": "214" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is retroperitoneal with the exception of the tail, which lies within the splenorenal ligament.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The head is additionally supplied by the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, which are branches of the gastroduodenal artery and superior mesenteric arteries, respectively.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 653, "question": "The pancreas:", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7998a35e249669298e111d787fde7b3a4d54c0a5705f6bc66abefeaa91f8ba91", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "216", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 230 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The normal pancreatic duct measures 4 mm at the pancreatic head, 3 mm in the body and 2 mm at the tail…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 230, "printedPage": "216" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The uncinate process projects posteriorly and to the left from its lower part to lie posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The gland may be obscured by overlying stomach and transverse colonic gas. It is identified on transverse sections anterior to the splenic vein…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The splenic vein passes posterior to the body…", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 654, "question": "Peritoneal space", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d673b2c2d17d6fd6a1496cab59428db085897918b005643feb02d9aa6da47ac0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "238", "printedPage": "237", "pdfPage": 251, "evidence": "The infracolic and paracolic spaces are continuous with the rectovesical and rectouterine pouches of the pelvis.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "238", "printedPage": "237", "pdfPage": 251, "evidence": "Morrison’s pouch is the deepest point of the abdominal cavity in a supine patient and is therefore a common site of collection.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right side of the lesser sac communicates with the general peritoneal cavity via the epiploic foramen (of Winslow).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior wall of the lesser sac is formed by the peritoneum overlying the pancreas...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The infracolic and paracolic spaces are continuous with the rectovesical and rectouterine pouches of the pelvis.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 251, "printedPage": "237" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Morrison’s pouch is the deepest point of the abdominal cavity in a supine patient and is therefore a common site of collection.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 251, "printedPage": "237" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The perisplenic space surrounds the spleen and is partially separated from the left paracolic gutter by the phrenicocolic ligament... and prevents the passage of fluid from the left paracolic gutter to the left subphrenic space.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 655, "question": "Peritoneal spaces", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8ffdf0413c3e347e91ee86cbcb170f685c5af697a02f770c617eaccb74bbedb3", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "186", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 200 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "E", "previousPrintedPage": "238", "printedPage": "237", "pdfPage": 251, "evidence": "The posterior part of the subhepatic space between the liver and the kidney is called the hepatorenal space (Morrison’s pouch).", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Its anterior wall is formed by the peritoneum on the posterior wall of the stomach and the lesser omentum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right side of the lesser sac communicates with the general peritoneal cavity via the epiploic foramen (of Winslow).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior wall of the lesser sac is formed by the peritoneum overlying the pancreas...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Peritoneum covers the anterior and posterior surfaces of the stomach and is continued between the lesser curve and the liver as the lesser omentum, and beyond the greater curve as the greater omentum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 200, "printedPage": "186" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior part of the subhepatic space between the liver and the kidney is called the hepatorenal space (Morrison’s pouch).", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 251, "printedPage": "237" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 656, "question": "Regarding peritoneal space", "chapter": "Chapter 20: Abdomen", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "041c933577f487a3313bf9ab82f88edac15a00fe2168428549d121d0fa33f6bb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "190", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 204 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "191", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 205 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The long head of the biceps is therefore extrasynovial but intracapsular …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel immediately posterior to the medial epicondyle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 313, "printedPage": "299" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa is not filled unless the supraspinatus tendon is completely ruptured.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 305, "printedPage": "291" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Distal triceps tendon signal heterogeneity. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The canal contains the flexor tendons and the median nerve.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the carpal tunnel, which conveys the superficial and deep flexor tendons of the fingers and the thumb (except flexor carpi ulnaris and palmaris longus tendons) and the median nerve.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 302, "printedPage": "288" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The canal contains the ulnar nerve, artery and vein.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 320, "printedPage": "306" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "widening of the scapholunate interspace more than 4 mm …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 318, "printedPage": "304" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The proximal 70%–80% of the scaphoid is supplied by the dorsal branch of the radial artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 320, "printedPage": "306" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 722, "question": "The inferior radio-ulnar joint", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "a322438f062ef16fef89a50559f1f4c92ab9f2ed4d046495a25c5b21517459cd", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "300", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 314 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "300", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 314 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "302", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 316 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "303", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 317 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "300", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 314 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "299", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 313 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The flexor tendons of the forearm pass through the carpal tunnel, which contains the flexor carpi radialis tendon, the flexor pollicis longus tendon and the flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis tendons, and the median nerve …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 319, "printedPage": "305" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Guyon’s canal is a fibro-osseous canal … The canal contains the ulnar nerve, artery and vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "widening of the scapholunate interspace more than 4 mm, the ‘Terry Thomas’ sign …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 318, "printedPage": "304" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The proximal 70%–80% of the scaphoid is supplied by the dorsal branch of the radial artery.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 320, "printedPage": "306" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The TFC is a biconcave disc separating the radiocarpal from the distal radioulnar joint spaces.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 318, "printedPage": "304" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 726, "question": "Regarding ossification centres with age", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "24068c807a1dcf5fefa51e5572040a9ab59d257db3b97ed3211cb58468b0d422", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "287", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 301 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "287", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 301 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "289", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 303 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "313", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 327 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The primary centre for the humerus appears at the eighth week of fetal life. 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Secondary centres appear in the head of the humerus at 1 year…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 301, "printedPage": "287" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Secondary centres appear in the Capitellum at 1 year, the Radial head at 5 years, the Internal epicondyle at 5 years…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 301, "printedPage": "287" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ossification of the Carpal Bones… the capitate at 4 months…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ossification of the Femur… another appears in the head between 6 months and 1 year of age.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The secondary centre of the calcaneus ossifies in the posterior aspect of the bone at 5 years…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 332, "printedPage": "318" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 728, "question": "Regarding shoulder", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2421185f91012c862953752a5ba732a9b61842c87b923b6f01e5a6fdec0a6003", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "291", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 305 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "287", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 301 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "291", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 305 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The long head of the biceps is therefore extrasynovial but intracapsular attaching to the supraglenoid tubercle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The tendon of the long head of the biceps is seen as a filling defect within the joint…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Secondary centres appear in the head of the humerus at 1 year, the greater tuberosity at 3 years…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 301, "printedPage": "287" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This bursa does not communicate with the shoulder joint unless the supraspinatus is ruptured by trauma or degeneration.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 729, "question": "Regarding the humerus", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "9f1bb84b3df618790b0f4d8be94a6375cca7d418ead376423f6d6dbe3dc475d0", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "286", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 300 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "286", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 300 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "286", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 300 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "287", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 301 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "286", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 300 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Between the tubercles is the bicipital groove for the long head of the biceps.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The deltoid tuberosity on the lateral aspect of the midshaft is the site of insertion of the deltoid muscle.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 300, "printedPage": "286" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The articular surface for the elbow joint has a capitellum for articulation with the radial head and a trochlea for the olecranon fossa of the ulna.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 300, "printedPage": "286" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Secondary centres appear in the head of the humerus at 1 year, the greater tuberosity at 3 years…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 301, "printedPage": "287" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lower epiphysis of the humerus lies at a 25-degree angle to the shaft so that a vertical line down the front of the shaft on a lateral radiograph – the anterior humeral line – bisects the capitellum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 300, "printedPage": "286" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 730, "question": "The following secondary ossification centres and age of appearance are true", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7d1668a2fbf6b09c48f168ced6ab3c16757160afad46001b763c1d827fd0ab0d", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "287", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 301 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "315", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 329 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "297", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 311 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "313", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 327 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "313", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 327 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The primary centre for the humerus appears at the eighth week of fetal life. Secondary centres appear in the head of the humerus at 1 year …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 301, "printedPage": "287" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This begins at 3 years and is complete by puberty.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 328, "printedPage": "314" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The appearance of ossification centres occurs 1–2 years earlier in girls than in boys and follows an orderly progression, with appearance of the capitellar ossification centre first at 1–2 years, the radial head at 3–6 years, the inner or medial epicondyle at 4 years, the trochlea at 8 years, the olecranon at 9 years and the external epicondyle at 10 years …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ossification of the Femur. The primary centre in the shaft appears in the seventh fetal week. A secondary centre is present in the lower femur at birth …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 327, "printedPage": "313" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Secondary centres appear in the greater trochanter at 4 years and in the lesser trochanter at 8 years of age.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 327, "printedPage": "313" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 731, "question": "Axillary artery", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b143c1a63497b2400032557cd4db859a8dc4b68e4780097beb09be0532ec5de7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "309", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 323 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "309", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 323 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "309", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 323 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "309", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 323 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery at the outer border of the first rib.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 323, "printedPage": "309" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It supplies six arteries to the chest wall and the shoulder (SALSA):\n■ The superior thoracic artery\n■ The acromiothoracic trunk\n■ The lateral thoracic artery\n■ The subscapular artery\n■ The anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 323, "printedPage": "309" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The brachial artery begins at the lower border of the teres major.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 323, "printedPage": "309" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It supplies six arteries to the chest wall and the shoulder (SALSA):\n■ The superior thoracic artery\n■ The acromiothoracic trunk\n■ The lateral thoracic artery\n■ The subscapular artery\n■ The anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 323, "printedPage": "309" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 732, "question": "In the wrist joint, the", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "fa9f8a03b8ac3a95a2d8e0b3cd5659e73f531147393e7401a9c45b01c49a8fc1", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "303", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 317 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "300", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 314 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "289", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 303 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Induced changes in biomechanics following ligament rupture produce commonly identified radiographic signs: widening of the scapholunate interspace more than 4 mm, the ‘Terry Thomas’ sign …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 318, "printedPage": "304" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The articular surface of the radius is divided into a scaphoid and lunate facet.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 314, "printedPage": "300" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These ossify from a single centre each. The capitate ossifies first and the pisiform last …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 733, "question": "In the wrist, the", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "2a651607d0955cde1348ae0c6a0ecf088629953de5859454497d2e17411d2a4e", "issues": [ "D: Grainger specifies the standard PA view for Gilula arcs. It does not prove that the arcs cannot be assessed on an AP image, so the imported FALSE key is not established by the PA wording alone." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 981, "printedPage": "987", "section": "Ch. 39 — Hand and wrist", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "ryan4", "pdfPage": 316, "printedPage": "302", "section": "Upper limb — Fig. 7.18 E/F", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "bookId": "ryan4", "pdfPage": 316, "printedPage": "302", "section": "Upper limb — wrist arthrography", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "grainger7", "pdfPage": 981, "printedPage": "987", "section": "Ch. 39 — Hand and wrist", "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Grainger specifies the standard PA view for Gilula arcs. It does not prove that the arcs cannot be assessed on an AP image, so the imported FALSE key is not established by the PA wording alone.", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "status": "pending", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Source review pending in hierarchy order; the earlier source did not cover this detail. This is not a finding that the answer is wrong.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "A supporting passage is sufficient. Other books need not repeat it. Pending items retain their existing answer while the source review continues.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In the proximal row, from lateral to medial, are the scaphoid, lunate and triquetral bones, with the pisiform on the anterior surface of the triquetral.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 734, "question": "Regarding hand", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "cc6c447bf7c4aa755995aff8cf7de00dc9bff2fa4ad762293426ee5e0ca336fb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "290", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 304 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "289", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 303 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Together the carpal bones form an arch, with its concavity situated anteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The flexor retinaculum is attached laterally to the scaphoid and the ridge of the trapezium, and medially to the pisiform and the hook of the hamate.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 302, "printedPage": "288" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Two sesamoid bones are found related to the anterior surface of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb in the normal radiograph. A single sesamoid bone in relation to this joint in the little finger is seen in 83% of radiographs …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These ossify from a single centre each … the triquetral at 3 years; the lunate bone at 5 years …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 735, "question": "Regarding lateral wrist", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "fdac5b1d3fe176ef55012524b777c75511254cdd2b3722f725d1afc23303f9e0", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 736, "question": "Regarding wrist", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "709638528d874e96d94d172dfe329c17a75d9e6a2079108abd8e8c336141ea28", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "307", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 321 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "307", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 321 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "307", "printedPage": "306", "pdfPage": 320, "evidence": "The proximal 70%–80% of the scaphoid is supplied by the dorsal branch of the radial artery.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It converts the arch of bones into a tunnel, the carpal tunnel, which conveys the superficial and deep flexor tendons of the fingers and the thumb (except flexor carpi ulnaris and palmaris longus tendons) and the median nerve.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 302, "printedPage": "288" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Guyon’s canal … contains the ulnar nerve, artery and vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The proximal 70%–80% of the scaphoid is supplied by the dorsal branch of the radial artery.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 320, "printedPage": "306" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 737, "question": "Regarding wrist.", "chapter": "Chapter 22: Upper Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7e9079df9dda7806b0efca189a1e27a4d39215b6192aeefae351fceb742f8f88", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "307", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 321 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "302", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 316 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "304", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 318 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Together the carpal bones form an arch, with its concavity situated anteriorly. The flexor retinaculum is attached laterally to the scaphoid and the ridge of the trapezium, and medially to the pisiform and the hook of the hamate. It converts the arch of bones into a tunnel, the carpal tunnel …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It converts the arch of bones into a tunnel, the carpal tunnel, which conveys … the median nerve.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Guyon’s canal … contains the ulnar nerve, artery and vein.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pisiform is the most anterior carpal bone on a true lateral X-ray of the wrist.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At MRI, the ligament is delta-shaped in 75% of cases and linear in approximately 25%, and is hypointense in approximately 75% versus heterogeneous, with areas of isointensity in 25% of cases.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 738, "question": "Ankle joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "27e43712f70e7409703c6581875121f2b66d5bc2f6efb5abed6965d1b44fbbe8", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "333", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 347 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "332", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 346 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "335", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 349 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "332", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 346 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lateral collateral ligament … is composed of five components, the anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments, the calcaneofibular ligament and the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "There are four major ligamentous stabilizers in the foot and ankle: the lateral collateral ligament, the medial collateral ligament (the deltoid ligament), the syndesmotic complex and the interosseous ligament…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 346, "printedPage": "332" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior tibiofibular ligament is a linear hypointense structure running from the anterior tibial tubercle laterally along the anterior margin of the inferior tibiofibular articulation to the fibula.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At ankle arthrography filling of the synovial sheaths around the tendons of flexor hallucis longus or flexor digitorum longus is considered normal…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 346, "printedPage": "332" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 739, "question": "Regarding ankle joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "baa76ebd17b4b2883516138be9ec8576b7509e64648bc2f896bc35f68250a6cb", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "332", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 346 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "336", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 350 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "332", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 346 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "332", "printedPage": "331", "pdfPage": 345, "evidence": "The deltoid ligament is a triangular ligament on the medial aspect of the ankle.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "318", "printedPage": "317", "pdfPage": 331, "evidence": "The peroneus brevis tendon is attached to the styloid process of the base of the fifth metatarsal.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The articular surface of the talus is broader anteriorly than posteriorly.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 345, "printedPage": "331" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At MRI the sinus tarsi is readily visualized … allowing the evaluation of interosseous and cervical ligaments.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The deltoid ligament is a triangular ligament on the medial aspect of the ankle.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 345, "printedPage": "331" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The peroneus brevis tendon is attached to the styloid process of the base of the fifth metatarsal.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 331, "printedPage": "317" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 740, "question": "Regarding foot", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "1faed0a45e0d0852b80862aa91e1c0658bf190b79a489a8b12ef1ed7a23c8718", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "317", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 331 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "B", "previousPrintedPage": "318", "printedPage": "317", "pdfPage": 331, "evidence": "The peroneus brevis tendon is attached to the styloid process of the base of the fifth metatarsal.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The secondary centre of the calcaneus ossifies in the posterior aspect of the bone at 5 years and its density may be very irregular in the normal foot.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 332, "printedPage": "318" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The peroneus brevis tendon is attached to the styloid process of the base of the fifth metatarsal.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 331, "printedPage": "317" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Os trigonum posterior to the talus.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 331, "printedPage": "317" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Heel pad thickness … Normal thicknesses are 21 mm in the female and 23 mm in the male.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 741, "question": "Regarding foot", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "48ab15d2ddd04bee2a6387901fa62cd29d69d8cb7c96ab53e7e8a429cdd26953", "issues": [ "Stephanie Ryan — Anatomy for Diagnostic Imaging cited without an identifiable page number." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "316", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 330 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "317", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 331 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "317", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 331 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The talus has a … Head anteriorly that articulates with the navicular.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Os peroneum between the cuboid and the base of the fifth metatarsal within the tendon of the peroneus brevis muscle.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 331, "printedPage": "317" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The oblique epiphyseal line here should not be confused with a fracture of the styloid process, which is usually transverse, termed a Jones fracture…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Heel pad thickness … Normal thicknesses are 21 mm in the female and 23 mm in the male.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Boehler’s critical angle of the calcaneus … It is normally 30–35 degrees, with an angle less than 28 degrees occurring when there is significant structural damage to the bone.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 742, "question": "Lower Limb", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "e1823e59d93a642db134559da563d49888f76206c17a6b8c9d439248a3483e12", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "331", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 345 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "327", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "328", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 342 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "328", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 342 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "314", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 328 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "321", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 335 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)... Arising from the inner aspect of the medial femoral condyle...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The medial meniscus has an open C shape... The lateral meniscus is more circular in shape...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These trabeculae... surround a triangular area where there is a relative paucity of trabecular markings, termed Ward’s triangle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "... the cartilage of the acetabulum... and the head of the femur are hypoechoic.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 743, "question": "The structures contributing to the boundaries of the popliteal fossa include", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "d87eb408712a5d9f228926c0cd87796fafa5a62553b57c71b9c0697da28a9f52", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "327", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "1", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 15 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "328", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 342 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "327", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Baker’s cyst represents a medial outpouching between the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the semimembranosus and semitendinosus tendons.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Baker’s cyst represents a medial outpouching between the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the semimembranosus and semitendinosus tendons.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 744, "question": "In the hip joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "7b6dfdb94cb26d442f3fc6aaf56f97b648633f47870d6bb61dc92f2aa37fbe79", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "313", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 327 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "321", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 335 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...the intertrochanteric line anteriorly; posteriorly it is attached more proximally on the neck...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The acetabulum has a central nonarticular area for a fat pad and the ligamentum teres...", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "In AP radiography of the neck, therefore, the leg must be internally rotated 10 degrees...", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 326, "printedPage": "312" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The acetabular angle, normally 15–35 degrees.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...the cartilage of the acetabulum (the triradiate cartilage) and the head of the femur are hypoechoic.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 334, "printedPage": "320" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 745, "question": "In the hip joint, the", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8ad1963466a6c81a29eef508dcc54cfc29a2d203945d87f0e8d6cd0981cd3f10", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The iliofemoral ligament (Y-shaped ligament of Bigelow) is an anterior thickening of the capsule between the anteroinferior iliac spine and the neck of the femur to the intertrochanteric line.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "...at the femoral neck it is attached to the trochanters and the intertrochanteric line anteriorly...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The ligamentum teres lies between the central nonarticular part of the acetabulum and the fovea of the head of the femur.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 746, "question": "Regarding hip joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "11b0b17cb9957d1f520368c831fcaddffbf9f1cd5a5dc57d92ff231babf31918", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "321", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 335 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "321", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 335 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "321", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 335 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "E", "previousPrintedPage": "321", "printedPage": "320", "pdfPage": 334, "evidence": "The ossified parts of the acetabulum, including its roof and the shaft of the femur, are seen as echoic areas, whereas the cartilage of the acetabulum (the triradiate cartilage) and the head of the femur are hypoechoic.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is attached to the edge of the acetabulum and its labrum and the transverse acetabular ligament; at the femoral neck it is attached to the trochanters and the intertrochanteric line anteriorly; posteriorly it is attached more proximally on the neck at the junction of its medial two-thirds and its lateral third.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The acetabulum has a central nonarticular area for a fat pad and the ligamentum teres and an inferior notch bridged by the transverse acetabular ligament…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The acetabular angle, normally 15–35 degrees.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The ligamentum teres lies between the central nonarticular part of the acetabulum and the fovea of the head of the femur.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ileofemoral ligament (anterior fold of the capsule).", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 336, "printedPage": "322" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The ossified parts of the acetabulum, including its roof and the shaft of the femur, are seen as echoic areas, whereas the cartilage of the acetabulum (the triradiate cartilage) and the head of the femur are hypoechoic.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 334, "printedPage": "320" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 747, "question": "Regarding the hip joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b1874a3c73d2b76eb1fef2ed5a15d200d6e4bcf710893dbe01f890c18b8778d9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "246", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 260 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "313", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 327 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "319", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 333 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This is attached to the edge of the acetabulum and its labrum and the transverse acetabular ligament; at the femoral neck it is attached to the trochanters and the intertrochanteric line anteriorly; posteriorly it is attached more proximally on the neck at the junction of its medial two-thirds and its lateral third.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 333, "printedPage": "319" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The fused iliopsoas muscle passes anteriorly under the inguinal ligament to insert into the lesser trochanter of the femur.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 260, "printedPage": "246" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A line along the inferior margin of the neck of the femur forms a continuous arc with the superior and medial margin of the obturator foramen of the pelvis. This line, known as Shenton’s line…", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 326, "printedPage": "312" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The ligamentum teres lies between the central nonarticular part of the acetabulum and the fovea of the head of the femur.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 748, "question": "In imaging of the knee", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c4004891a6fb9e3379c44c696b565d894852aa6dd057bacbcfa62529fe44b4c9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "328", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 342 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "314", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 328 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the anterior and posterior horns of the lateral meniscus are equal in dimensions.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lateral meniscus … is grooved posterolaterally by the tendon of popliteus …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Views of the intercondylar fossa (tunnel views) are taken with the knee flexed at an angle of about 135 degrees …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 327, "printedPage": "313" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "They are inserted into the inner aspect of the lateral and medial femoral condyles, respectively.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 749, "question": "In the knee joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8e8a8ef9acc726d46d6d36e56de3fda337bfbe6ad1179173f8cfde4c10c81fa1", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "327", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "314", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 328 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the condyles and the patellar surfaces of the femur … tibial articular surfaces … and the deep surface of the patella.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "between the quadriceps femoris muscle and the femur.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 339, "printedPage": "325" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "(Insertion) attach in a midline depression in the posterior margin of the tibial plateau..", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Views of the intercondylar fossa (tunnel views) …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 327, "printedPage": "313" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 750, "question": "In the knee joint", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "da80ed2d5c7721d5320472188ee93bd2026ae2121e01d10f4b933c330d47b7d1", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "327", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "314", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 328 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the condyles and the patellar surfaces of the femur … tibial articular surfaces … and the deep surface of the patella.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "between the quadriceps femoris muscle and the femur.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 339, "printedPage": "325" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Views of the intercondylar fossa (tunnel views) …", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 327, "printedPage": "313" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 751, "question": "In the knee joint,", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2dab6aa037495808762643ceeb4c40008e6ae74fd8a312d6a595aecbd8c5c58d", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "314", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 328 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "326", "printedPage": "325", "pdfPage": 339, "evidence": "The medial meniscus is bigger, less curved and thinner. Its posterior horn is thick (14 mm) but it thins progressively to the anterior horn, which is 6 mm thick.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The medial meniscus is bigger, less curved and thinner. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the posterior horn of the medial meniscus is typically twice the size of the anterior horn. 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Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "326", "printedPage": "325", "pdfPage": 339, "evidence": "The meniscofemoral ligament passes between the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and the medial femoral condyle.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This begins at 3 years and is complete by puberty.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 328, "printedPage": "314" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the bursa under the medial head of the gastrocnemius (semimembranosus bursa).", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The meniscofemoral ligament passes between the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and the medial femoral condyle.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 339, "printedPage": "325" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the compact menisci are hypointense on all sequences.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 341, "printedPage": "327" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 756, "question": "Regarding knee", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4cd162fd475cee9554cf70cf17b230952f5eb7423ad8af8c042164bc0afa3780", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "325", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 339 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "327", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 341 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "328", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 342 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The synovium lines the capsule and its associated bursae.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 339, "printedPage": "325" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the tendon of popliteus … grooves the lateral meniscus posterolaterally.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "inserted into the inner(Medial) aspect of the lateral femoral condyles, respectively.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the anterior and posterior horns of the lateral meniscus are equal in dimensions.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 757, "question": "Regarding PCL", "chapter": "Chapter 23: Lower Limb Anatomy", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c8acb58e7295e147b8593bd6b2f426f64491787c0b63e07a0c4aa0bd33b066d9", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "329", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 343 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "315", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 329 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "326", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 340 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments … are inserted into the inner aspect of the lateral and medial femoral condyles, respectively.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) … Arising from the inner aspect of the medial femoral condyle …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The medial collateral ligament is composed of deep fibres which are essentially meniscofemoral and meniscotibial ligamentous attachments …", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 343, "printedPage": "329" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The medial meniscus … [is attached] … to the medial collateral ligament.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Ossification. This begins at 3 years and is complete by puberty.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 328, "printedPage": "314" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The medial meniscus is bigger, less curved and thinner. 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Regarding radiation protection and dosimetry", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "7c9fe8983277b65fb04bc886a63cbbbcf0975a45af118e7d21955ab86dc2bcf5", "issues": [ "B: Specify single- or double-badge protocol; “under the lead gown” is not universal for every personal dosimeter." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 29, "printedPage": "19", "section": "Ionisation-chamber activity measurement", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 47, "printedPage": "37", "section": "Shielding design, film badges and TLDs", "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [ { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 48, "printedPage": "38", "section": "Electronic dosimeters, PPE and patient dosimetry" } ], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Specify single- or double-badge protocol; “under the lead gown” is not universal for every personal dosimeter.", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [ { "webId": "landauer-osl", "url": "https://www.landauer.com/faq", "title": "LANDAUER: Dosimetry frequently asked questions", "section": "OSL technology, whole-body and area monitoring", "reviewDate": "2026-10-10" } ], "keyCorrection": { "previousVerdict": "FALSE", "reason": "The manufacturer explicitly provides OSL dosimeters for area monitoring as well as whole-body monitoring.", "verdict": "TRUE" } }, "D": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 42, "printedPage": "32", "section": "UK IRR17 dose limits and pregnancy", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 39, "printedPage": "29", "section": "Age dependence and effective dose", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "Physics reviewed statement by statement in the agreed hierarchy.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 781, "question": "Q19. Regarding upper limb trauma", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "e4a4e250e5ae93f56feb25a47371d6094462478d7d631eae36dfb22bab0ed98a", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 782, "question": "Q20. Regarding Lower limb", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "87d357081ff2857c315b7bf88c8a30e28a3080f9a110c2ad896f11bc24a2eae0", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 783, "question": "Q21. Regarding chest", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "9d46d955bfd20ff7f29fd694aee1e4b4821bd88b675a78a3ced1fb3c36b978ea", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "137", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 151 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "141", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 155 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "146", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 160 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "151", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 165 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Anterior junction line: Formed by the lungs meeting anteromedially anterior to the arch of the aorta. This line courses obliquely across the upper two thirds of the sternum on a PA chest radiograph and should not extend above the manubriosternal joint.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The left main bronchus is twice as long as the right main bronchus (5 cm vs 2.5 cm), having to travel to the left lung from the right side of the mediastinum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 155, "printedPage": "141" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. These do not follow the bronchial pattern but tend to run in interlobular and intersegmental septae.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 160, "printedPage": "146" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lobar bronchi divide into segmental bronchi supplying the bronchopulmonary segments of each lobe along with a corresponding pulmonary arterial branch.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fissures. On high-resolution CT fissures are seen as sharp lines. On thicker reconstructions, fissures may be seen as areas of relative avascularity where tapering vessels are less visible.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 165, "printedPage": "151" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 784, "question": "Q22. Regarding pancreas", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4000bd00e5131761816d2311c7948d888444e0219ab4f1ea1431edf102367534", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "212", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 226 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "215", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 229 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The neck, body and tail of the pancreas drain to the splenic vein. The head drains to the superior mesenteric and portal veins.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The tail of the pancreas is related to the splenic hilum. Here it lies in the splenorenal ligament.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 226, "printedPage": "212" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "It is retroperitoneal with the exception of the tail, which lies within the splenorenal ligament.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "With ageing and in obesity it may be hyperechoic due to the presence of fat.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 229, "printedPage": "215" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 785, "question": "Q23. Regarding liver", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "33a0640a151a4434c804929b362ba7291424be64955ec75082f0a485a7fcdd91", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "210", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 224 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "204", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 218 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "206", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 220 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "This duct… lies anterior to the portal vein in the free edge of the lesser omentum…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The portal vein divides the liver into upper and lower segments.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 217, "printedPage": "203" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The cortex is usually less echogenic than that of liver or spleen…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On MRI the liver is of equal signal intensity to the pancreas…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 220, "printedPage": "206" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 786, "question": "Q24. Regarding spleen", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "18b13c1583ab286bc20bd3afded3496593c327c9b8d1e7ed7067ddf2c547e3ec", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "218", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 232 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "218", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 232 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "218", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 232 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "218", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 232 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "219", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 233 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Its contours correspond to its relationship to the\nstomach anteriorly…", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 232, "printedPage": "218" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The splenic artery arises from the coeliac trunk.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 232, "printedPage": "218" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The tail of the pancreas also lies at the splenic\nhilum.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 232, "printedPage": "218" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The spleen has a smooth diaphragmatic surface related through the diaphragm to the costodiaphragmatic recess of the pleura and the ninth, tenth and eleventh ribs.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 232, "printedPage": "218" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The spleen is of similar echogenicity to the liver or even higher, although the liver may appear more echogenic because of the reflectivity of its many vessels.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 233, "printedPage": "219" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 787, "question": "Q25. Regarding kidney", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c81311adac64f2650c900022d1b4ee01c9ccb189c5e5a9ce1ae0ac084ff28732", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "222", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 236 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "226", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 240 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "225", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 239 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "226", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 240 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Compound calyces are commoner in the upper pole", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "most abundant medial to the lower pole", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 240, "printedPage": "226" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the vein, artery, pelvis from anterior to posterior", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "surface notches are between the calyces", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 239, "printedPage": "225" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "the renal cortex has a slightly higher signal than the medulla", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 240, "printedPage": "226" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 788, "question": "Q26. Regarding ureters", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "4fc99c296fba03a27405f8e46143ada68e03426c7388eb843d76a6a3a663424f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "227", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 241 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "227", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 241 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "227", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 241 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "227", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 241 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "is narrower at… The pelvic brim", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "lies on the lateral wall of the pelvis in front of the internal iliac artery", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 241, "printedPage": "227" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 789, "question": "Q27. Regarding prostate gland", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "ca7886910d6349139fae95f89cafa5cf9621c8746b8130c5323bb55f845e4cdd", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 790, "question": "Q28. Regarding adrenal gland", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "b23b6f03ca1418429eab1327ff7b9ade4232a320b1e4fd357053f83dbfdaee6f", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "229", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 243 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "230", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 244 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "one-third the size of the kidney at birth", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "lies posterior to the splenic vein", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "should not be thicker than the diameter of the adjacent crus", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "superior adrenal artery from the inferior phrenic artery", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 243, "printedPage": "229" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "iso- or slightly hypointense compared to liver on both T1- and T2-weighted images", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 244, "printedPage": "230" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 791, "question": "Q29. Regarding female pelvis", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "05529e811239a6609b9a0e719e88894407a60a732707e601ce3d780978549441", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 792, "question": "Q30. Regarding breast", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "2120e0690b46edd3370aa0bc61961bba6a1396d130bfa9f08ce3873622bf493d", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "345", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 359 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "345", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 359 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "348", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 362 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "353", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 367 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "348", "printedPage": "347", "pdfPage": 361, "evidence": "Level I lymph nodes lateral to lateral border of pectoralis minor muscle", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The fascia forms septa called Cooper’s ligaments, which attach the breast to the skin anteriorly and to the fascia of pectoralis posteriorly.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 359, "printedPage": "345" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The lymph drainage of the breast is complex with approximately:■ 75% drainage to axillary nodes (mostly outer breast)", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Level I lymph nodes lateral to lateral border of pectoralis minor muscle", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 361, "printedPage": "347" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Fibroglandular and stromal elements are hypointense (dark) on T1 images.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 366, "printedPage": "352" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 793, "question": "Q31. Regarding hand", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "89a29eb4d593af7d6ab6742adfb90ced8f80bc1a42d563b62cb81f53cb1e2e18", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "288", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 302 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "290", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 304 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "289", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 303 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Together the carpal bones form an arch, with its concavity situated anteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The flexor retinaculum is attached laterally to the scaphoid and the ridge of the trapezium, and medially to the pisiform and the hook of the hamate.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 302, "printedPage": "288" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Two sesamoid bones are found related to the anterior surface of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb in the normal radiograph. A single sesamoid bone in relation to this joint in the little finger is seen in 83% of radiographs …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These ossify from a single centre each … the triquetral at 3 years; the lunate bone at 5 years …", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 794, "question": "Q32. Regarding foot", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "0fcc1db7b7e878b408cc8b15b474e346128f27e09bf937ba4bb7b2aed6c47ffe", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "318", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 332 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "317", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 331 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "B", "previousPrintedPage": "318", "printedPage": "317", "pdfPage": 331, "evidence": "The peroneus brevis tendon is attached to the styloid process of the base of the fifth metatarsal.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The secondary centre of the calcaneus ossifies in the posterior aspect of the bone at 5 years and its density may be very irregular in the normal foot.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 332, "printedPage": "318" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The peroneus brevis tendon is attached to the styloid process of the base of the fifth metatarsal.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 331, "printedPage": "317" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Os trigonum posterior to the talus.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 331, "printedPage": "317" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Heel pad thickness … Normal thicknesses are 21 mm in the female and 23 mm in the male.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 795, "question": "Q33. Regarding large bowel", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c88ab9e29856924ad4ae51919bd99257b5202cdd7dd4d5b58c33bc81d679cc1b", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "200", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 214 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "199", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 213 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "199", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 213 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "200", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 214 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "200", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 214 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "201", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 215 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "D", "previousPrintedPage": "200", "printedPage": "199", "pdfPage": 213, "evidence": "Veins corresponding with the arteries drain to the superior and inferior mesenteric veins.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The sigmoid colon also has a mesentery.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "These are especially numerous in the sigmoid colon.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "forming a marginal artery (of Drummond) close to the colon.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Veins corresponding with the arteries drain to the superior and inferior mesenteric veins.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 213, "printedPage": "199" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right paracolic gutter lies lateral to the ascending colon. The right infracolic space lies medially.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 215, "printedPage": "201" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 796, "question": "Q34. Regarding peritoneal space", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "22dae49d374f6eca2a3b423af503e15a8d24ca5e1e76720bd242d1618c465466", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "236", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 250 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "238", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 252 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "190", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 204 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "191", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 205 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "238", "printedPage": "237", "pdfPage": 251, "evidence": "Morrison’s pouch is the deepest point of the abdominal cavity in a supine patient and is therefore a common site of collection.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The transverse mesocolon, small bowel mesentery and sigmoid mesentery are all remnants of the dorsal mesocolon.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right side of the lesser sac communicates with the general peritoneal cavity via the epiploic foramen (of Winslow).", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 250, "printedPage": "236" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Morrison’s pouch is the deepest point of the abdominal cavity in a supine patient and is therefore a common site of collection.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 251, "printedPage": "237" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 797, "question": "Q35. Regarding CNS", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "a5ceac9402daca28f2413c1ffa1aa8e214da4c05ec4aa0a9d81dfbcdac8229c1", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "93", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 107 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "68", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 82 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "76", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 90 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "81", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 95 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "73", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 87 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Thalamostriate arteries: Branches that enter the posterior perforated substance to supply the thalamus and the lentiform nucleus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The striate arteries supply the basal ganglia and the anterior part of the internal capsule.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 105, "printedPage": "91" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On axial CT or MRI at the level of the ventricles, the head of the caudate nucleus can be seen projecting into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle… The head of the caudate nucleus is usually more radiodense than the lentiform nucleus or the thalamus, especially in older subjects.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The third (III) cranial nerve emerges from between the cerebral peduncles anteriorly.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "P1 segment: Is situated within the interpeduncular cistern… coursing over CN III.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "At the interventricular foramen, the choroid plexus on the floor of the lateral ventricle is continuous with the choroid plexus in the roof of the third ventricle.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle is supplied by anterior inferior cerebellar arteries and PICAs from the vertebral arteries and basilar arteries, respectively.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The posterior pituitary usually has high signal intensity on unenhanced T1 images due to the effect of stored neurosecretory granules on T1 relaxation time.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "73" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 798, "question": "Q36. Regarding spinal cord", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "90f1205fb91472ac6cb5561d105a5436eeb6558347988ac4e6a8dd744c604164", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book." ], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "118", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 132 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "(not right).\nReference: Chapter 3, Spine, Page 118,", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 799, "question": "Q37. Regarding the heart", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "8e2eec88a97a4452d963f8fb9bafb3a8e24dabac3043df8a14c7ebe493566be6", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "157", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 171 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "158", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 172 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "166", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 180 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "162", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 176 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The mitral valve has two cusps, while the tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary valves all normally have three cusps (trileaflet or tricuspid).", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 170, "printedPage": "156" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The pulmonary valve has three semilunar cusps – right and left anterior and a posterior cusp.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 172, "printedPage": "158" } ] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "A band of tissue called the moderator band traverses the RV and is part of the conduction system of the heart and is often recognizable on CT and MRI.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "Occasionally coronary arteries traverse segments of myocardial muscle, a finding termed myocardial bridging.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The right heart border is made up primarily by the right atrium...", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 176, "printedPage": "162" } ] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 800, "question": "Q38. Regarding the mediastinum:", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "e6fe59ab087c6a23be8c07bca629a7def188cecc4b5601737166bfbf1f3b9941", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "153", "option": "C", "pdfPages": [ 167 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "178", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 192 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "176", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 190 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "C", "previousPrintedPage": "153", "printedPage": "152", "pdfPage": 166, "evidence": "The anterior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Thymus\n■ Mammary vessels\n■ Lymph nodes", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The superior mediastinum is above a line drawn from the lower border of the T4 vertebral body to the manubriosternal joint.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "C", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The anterior mediastinum contains the:\n■ Thymus\n■ Mammary vessels\n■ Lymph nodes", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 166, "printedPage": "152" } ] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "As the trachea is air filled the right tracheal wall is seen as a stripe, which should not measure more than 3 mm.", "status": "exact-on-cited-page", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 192, "printedPage": "178" } ] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "On the right the recurrent laryngeal nerve winds around the subclavian artery before ascending through neck between the trachea and oesophagus.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 801, "question": "Q39. Regarding the ear", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "14df2934938a8829d8c8a5a3db555402b5ad905350cb3e5127ce0ddb693c3dd7", "issues": [], "citations": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "A", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "B", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "23", "option": "D", "pdfPages": [ 37 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" }, { "bookId": "ryan4", "printedPage": "24", "option": "E", "pdfPages": [ 38 ], "status": "page-located-claim-unchecked" } ], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [ { "bookId": "ryan4", "option": "A", "previousPrintedPage": "23", "printedPage": "22", "pdfPage": 36, "evidence": "The oval window, into which the base of the stapes inserts, is above and behind the promontory. The round window, covered by a membrane, is below and behind.", "basis": "Unique exact quotation match; answer meaning and T/F verdict not reviewed." } ], "quotationChecks": [ { "option": "A", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The oval window, into which the base of the stapes inserts, is above and behind the promontory. The round window, covered by a membrane, is below and behind.", "status": "exact-elsewhere", "matches": [ { "pdfPage": 36, "printedPage": "22" } ] }, { "option": "B", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The incus has a long process that articulates with the head of the stapes… The joints between the ossicles are synovial.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "D", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The bony canal of the third part of the facial nerve… runs from front to back, between the prominence of the lateral semicircular canal and the promontory…", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] }, { "option": "E", "bookId": "ryan4", "quotedText": "The cochlea and vestibule may also be identified. These are fluid-filled and of high signal intensity (and thus easier to see) on T2-weighted images.", "status": "wording-not-located", "matches": [] } ] }, { "bankNumber": 802, "question": "Q40. Regarding neck spaces", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "cb7605aa9c8314e0b7bcbeaf625e5420718cdcf4a15289e2a9c8a7430d273903", "issues": [ "Page citation without an unambiguous reference to a supplied book.", "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 803, "question": "Q41. Radionuclide studies in lung", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "4cd9dfb700a22aab7defc818bb400c0fc9bc3d94f8287ef45fa7c666ef3546dd", "issues": [ "A: Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "B: Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "C: Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "D: Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "E: Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "Clinical lung-scintigraphy protocol verification remains pending; the existing key is not certified by the physics chapter.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "Physics reviewed statement by statement in the agreed hierarchy.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 804, "question": "Q42. Regarding HRCT Thorax", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "partial", "fingerprint": "21a7d5602414679d3ebe2c5f9fa8278ea7bca32cf44bacd5d1c752bee9e9bedf", "issues": [ "C: The comparison and clinical protocol are not specified; retain the imported True provisionally.", "D: An applicable thoracic-imaging source is still needed for this specific claim.", "E: The named HRCT kernel needs a technique-specific reference; a display window is not a reconstruction algorithm." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": { "A": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 84, "printedPage": "74", "section": "Helical advantages and reconstruction", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "B": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 90, "printedPage": "80", "section": "Noise, motion, high attenuation and photon starvation", "status": "checked", "additionalSources": [ { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 88, "printedPage": "78", "section": "Temporal resolution and noise" } ], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "", "webSources": [] }, "C": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 105, "printedPage": "95", "section": "CT dose optimisation", "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "The comparison and clinical protocol are not specified; retain the imported True provisionally.", "webSources": [] }, "D": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 84, "printedPage": "74", "section": "Helical advantages and reconstruction", "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "An applicable thoracic-imaging source is still needed for this specific claim.", "webSources": [] }, "E": { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 85, "printedPage": "75", "section": "Reconstruction algorithms and CT-number equation", "status": "needs-review", "additionalSources": [ { "bookId": "farr3", "pdfPage": 87, "printedPage": "77", "section": "Table 4.1 — tissue CT numbers; isotropic voxels" } ], "referenceLinks": [], "reviewNote": "The named HRCT kernel needs a technique-specific reference; a display window is not a reconstruction algorithm.", "webSources": [] } }, "reviewNote": "Physics reviewed statement by statement in the agreed hierarchy.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 805, "question": "Q43. Regarding MCUG", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "c09a07ac672c64261affdc5adb216c1c7338b86386b9fe03430aada8d8c67385", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 806, "question": "Q46. Regarding pediatric usg hip", "chapter": "Chapter 24: Past Year 2024", "status": "unverified", "fingerprint": "140a99b98fad0ccfeafc173a90e9ae2479667fe1fabaf4727db7673a4029bd8c", "issues": [ "No usable page citation to a supplied edition was identified." ], "citations": [], "reviewedOptions": {}, "reviewNote": "Source review pending. Existing answers and references are retained; this status does not mean the answer is incorrect.", "citationCorrections": [], "quotationChecks": [] }, { "bankNumber": 807, "question": "Q47. 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